植物RNA沉默抗病机制与应用研究进展

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.23-322

遗传 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 266-278.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.23-322

• 特邀综述 • 下一篇

植物RNA沉默抗病机制与应用研究进展

田文¹^,²(), 谌婷¹^,²(), 刘清艳¹^,², 张博森¹, 郭惠珊¹^,²(), 赵建华¹^,²()

1.中国科学院微生物研究所，植物基因组学国家重点实验室，北京 100101
2.中国科学院大学，中国科学院生物互作卓越创新中心，北京 100049

收稿日期:2023-12-29 修回日期:2024-03-13 出版日期:2024-04-20 发布日期:2024-03-22
通讯作者: 郭惠珊,赵建华 E-mail:tianwen9797@163.com;chent202202@163.com;guohs@im.ac.cn;zhaojh@im.ac.cn
作者简介:田文，博士研究生，专业方向：遗传学。E-mail: tianwen9797@163.com;
谌婷，硕士研究生，专业方向：生物与医药。E-mail: chent202202@163.com;
田文和谌婷并列第一作者。
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团科技计划项目(2022DB014)

Advances in the mechanisms and applications of RNA silencing in crop protection

Wen Tian¹^,²(), Ting Chen¹^,²(), Qingyan Liu¹^,², Bosen Zhang¹, Huishan Guo¹^,²(), Jianhua Zhao¹^,²()

1. State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2. CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2023-12-29 Revised:2024-03-13 Published:2024-04-20 Online:2024-03-22
Contact: Huishan Guo, Jianhua Zhao E-mail:tianwen9797@163.com;chent202202@163.com;guohs@im.ac.cn;zhaojh@im.ac.cn
Supported by:
Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Science and Technology Plan Project(2022DB014)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

RNA沉默是真核生物基因表达调控的保守机制，在植物生长发育以及响应生物和非生物胁迫过程中发挥着非常重要的作用。跨界RNA沉默与种间RNA沉默为开发基于RNA沉默的作物病害防控体系提供了理论基础。本文概括了植物RNA沉默保守途径，归纳了RNA沉默在植物-病原互作研究中的代表性研究，阐述了基于RNA沉默开发的宿主诱导基因沉默、喷施诱导基因沉默和微生物诱导基因沉默技术的原理，以及应用研究现状，以期为开发基于RNA沉默的新型作物病害防控技术提供参考。

关键词: RNA沉默, 跨界RNA沉默, 种间RNA沉默, 宿主诱导的基因沉默, 喷施诱导的基因沉默, 微生物诱导的基因沉默

Abstract:

RNA silencing (or RNA interference, RNAi) is a conserved mechanism for regulating gene expression in eukaryotes, which plays vital roles in plant development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. The discovery of trans-kingdom RNAi and interspecies RNAi provides a theoretical basis for exploiting RNAi-based crop protection strategies. Here, we summarize the canonical RNAi mechanisms in plants and review representative studies associated with plant-pathogen interactions. Meanwhile, we also elaborate upon the principles of host-induced gene silencing, spray-induced gene silencing and microbe-induced gene silencing, and discuss their applications in crop protection, thereby providing help to establish novel RNAi-based crop protection strategies.

Key words: RNA silencing, trans-kingdom RNAi, interspecies RNAi, host-induced gene silencing, spray-induced gene silencing, microbe-induced gene silencing

田文, 谌婷, 刘清艳, 张博森, 郭惠珊, 赵建华. 植物RNA沉默抗病机制与应用研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2024, 46(4): 266-278.

Wen Tian, Ting Chen, Qingyan Liu, Bosen Zhang, Huishan Guo, Jianhua Zhao. Advances in the mechanisms and applications of RNA silencing in crop protection[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2024, 46(4): 266-278.

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抗病技术	寄主植物	病原微生物	靶标基因	参考文献
HIGS	大麦	白粉病菌Blumeria graminis	Avra10	[65]
		禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium graminearum	Chs3b, CYP51A, CYP51B, CYP51C	[55, 56]
		黄色镰刀菌Fusarium culmorum	FcFgl1, FcGls1, FcFmk1, FcGls1	[57]
	小麦	条锈病菌Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici	PsFUZ7, PsCPK1	[66]
	棉花	大丽轮枝菌Verticillium dahliae	VdH1, VdILV2, VdILV6	[61, 63]
	油菜	核盘菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	PG, CBH, OAH1	[67]
	水稻	稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe oryzae	Mo ABC1, Mo MAC1, Mo PMK1, RHO1, MoAP1	[68, 69]
	玉米	拟轮枝镰孢菌Fusarium verticillioides	Deo, Atg15, Frp1	[70]
	玉米	黄曲霉Aspergillus flavus	Pc2, aflR, amy1	[71~73]
	马铃薯	疫霉Phytophthora infestans	PiGPB1	[60]
SIGS	大麦	禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium graminearum	DIC1, TRI15, CYP51A, CYP51B, CYP51C	[74, 75]
	大麦	核盘菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	β2Tub	[76]
	油菜	灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea	Bctim44, Bctrr1	[77]
	油菜	核盘菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	SS1G_01703, SS1G_02495, SS1G_09897, SS1G_07873	[77]
	莴苣	灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea	VPS51, SAC1, DCTN1, DCL1/DCL2	[70]
	番茄	黑曲霉Aspergillusniger	PS51, SAC1, DCTN1, FOW2, ChsV	[70, 78]
	水稻	稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe oryzae	AP1, SSADH, MAC1, PMK1	[79]
	拟南芥	禾谷镰刀菌 Fusarium graminearum	CYP51A, CYP51B, CYP5C	[80]

植物RNA沉默抗病机制与应用研究进展

Advances in the mechanisms and applications of RNA silencing in crop protection

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[1]	谢兆辉. RNA沉默在植物生物逆境反应中的作用[J]. 遗传, 2010, 32(6): 561-570.
[2]	朱剑，余潮，朱友林. RNA沉默技术及其在植物中的应用[J]. 遗传, 2007, 29(1): 22-22―28.