中国西南地区藏族人群遗传亚结构研究

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.19-330

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Hereditas(Beijing) ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 565-576.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.19-330

• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles

A genetic sub-structure study of the Tibetan population in Southwest China

Xiaojuan Wang^1,², Enfang Qian¹, Yue Li², Zhengyang Song^1,², Hui Zhao², Hexin Xie², Caixia Li^1,², Jiang Huang¹, Li Jiang²

^1. Institute of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
^2. Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security & Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination & National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Beijing 100038, China;

Received:2019-12-26 Revised:2020-04-14 Online:2020-06-20 Published:2020-04-17
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China No(81772027);the National Key R&D Program of China No(2017YFC0803501);the Fundamental Research Funds for Institute of Forensic Science No(2017JB025);the National Science and Technological Resources Platform No(YCZYPT[2017]01-3)

Abstract

Abstract:

Tibetan is a typical ethnic minority population in Southwest China, which can be divided into U-Tsang, Kham, Amdo, Jiarong and other sub-populations. However, the genetic structure of these sub-populations has not been comprehensively analyzed, especially from the perspective of paternal and maternal lineages. Based on genetic markers of autosomes, the Y chromosome and mitochondria, we studied four Tibetan populations (the U-Tsang population in Tibet Autonomous Region; the Kham population in Garze, Sichuan province; the Amdo population in Qinghai province and the Jiarong population in Aba, Sichuan province) to interpret their genetic structure. The mini-sequencing technology was used to detect the genotype of each maker. Meanwhile, the PowerPlex ^?Y23 and DNA Typer ^TM Y26 kit were applied to genotype Y-STRs. Subsequently, the genetic structure was analyzed by heatmap and principal component analysis, ancestry component, haplogroup frequency, network map and multi-dimensional scaling analysis. The results showed that the four Tibetan populations could be divided into three sets based on the autosomal and Y-chromosomal genetic markers, in which set 1 was the U-Tsang population in the Tibetan Plateau, set 2 comprised of the Kham and Amdo populations in the surrounding areas of the plateau, and set 3 was the Jiarong population that resided in the Tibetan and Yi Corridor. No significant difference was observed in mitochondrial genetic markers among four Tibetan populations. In general, multi-category genetic information provides a new comprehensive insight into the Tibetan sub-population.

Key words: population genetics, Tibetan, haplotype, genetic sub-structure

Xiaojuan Wang, Enfang Qian, Yue Li, Zhengyang Song, Hui Zhao, Hexin Xie, Caixia Li, Jiang Huang, Li Jiang. A genetic sub-structure study of the Tibetan population in Southwest China[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2020, 42(6): 565-576.

Figures/Tables 10

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序号	群体	所属支系	英文全称	英文简称	检测样本量(例)	海拔高度(m)
1	西藏藏族	卫藏	Chinese Tibetan in Tibetan Plateau	CTT	89	3650
2	四川甘孜藏族	康巴	Chinese Tibetan in Garze Sichuan, China	CTG	88	3300
3	青海藏族	安多	Chinese Tibetan in Qinghai, China	CTQ	82	2420
4	四川阿坝藏族	嘉绒	Chinese Tibetan in Aba Sichuan, China	CTA	38	2130

单倍群谱系树									西藏藏族 (CTT)		四川甘孜藏族 (CTG)		青海藏族 (CTQ)		四川阿坝藏族 (CTA)
单倍群谱系树									n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
M168								CT	89	100	88	100	82	100	38	100
	M130							C	2	2.25	2	2.27	2	2.44	1	2.63
	M174							D	64	71.91	55	62.50	48	58.54	13	34.21
		M15						D1a1	16	17.98	14	15.91	8	9.76	10	26.32
		P99						D1a2	48	53.93	41	46.59	40	48.78	3	7.89
	M96							E	1	1.12	1	1.14	1	1.22
	M89							F	22	24.72	30	34.09	31	37.80	24	63.16
		M201						G					1	1.22
		M304						J					4	4.88
		M9						K	22	24.72	30	34.09	26	31.71	24	63.16
			M231					N	5	5.62	6	6.82	4	4.88
			M242					Q	2	2.25			1	1.22
			M207					R			1	1.14	5	6.10	1	2.63
			M175					O	15	16.85	23	26.14	16	19.51	23	60.53
				M122				O2	15	16.85	21	23.86	12	14.63	20	52.63
					M324			O2a	15	16.85	21	23.86	11	13.41	20	52.63
						L127.1		O2a1	1	1.12	3	3.41	5	6.10	5	13.16
						P201		O2a2	14	15.73	18	20.45	6	7.32	15	39.47
							M117	O2a2b1a1	12	13.48	10	11.36	4	4.88	8	21.05

单倍群谱系树							西藏藏族 (CTT)		四川甘孜藏族 (CTG)		青海藏族 (CTQ)		四川阿坝藏族 (CTA)
单倍群谱系树							n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
A1018G						L3	88	100.00	87	100.00	79	100.00	37	100.00
	G10400A					M	59	67.05	54	62.07	48	60.76	21	56.76
			T4715C			M	59	67.05	54	62.07	48	60.76	21	56.76	M8	5	5.68	9	10.34	3	3.80	6	16.22
			A13263G			C	3	3.41	8	9.20	2	2.53	3	8.11
		G4491A				M9	19	21.59	13	14.94	11	13.92	1	2.70
			A3394G			M9a'b	16	18.18	9	10.34	8	10.13	1	2.70
				C7697T		M9a1a1c1b	11	12.50	5	5.75	2	2.53
		G14569A				M12'G	13	14.77	10	11.49	7	8.86	4	10.81
			A4833G			G	13	14.77	10	11.49	7	8.86	4	10.81
		T4561C				M62'68					1	1.27
			G2735A			M62					1	1.27
		C4883T				M80'D	15	17.05	19	21.84	24	30.38	9	24.32
			C5178A			D	15	17.05	19	21.84	24	30.38	9	24.32
				C3010T		D4	10	11.36	14	16.09	16	20.25	7	18.92
					C5262T	D4j1	4	4.55	3	3.45	2	2.53
	C10873T					N	29	32.95	33	37.93	31	39.24	16	43.24
		A663G				A	10	11.36	5	5.75	10	12.66	3	8.11
		T12705				R	19	21.59	26	29.89	21	26.58	12	32.43
					C10310T		19	21.59	26	29.89	21	26.58	12	32.43	F	11	12.50	14	16.09	10	12.66	3	8.11

基因座	权重	突变率	CTT	CTG	CTQ	CTA
DYS458	1	0.006	0.7750	0.7704	0.7943	0.8208
DYS392	1	0.001	0.6545	0.7348	0.7124	0.8350
DYS390	1	0.002	0.7421	0.7396	0.7185	0.6999
DYS389 II	2	0.004	0.6117	0.7565	0.7127	0.7112
DYS439	2	0.005	0.6411	0.6108	0.6960	0.7098
DYS389 I	2	0.003	0.6540	0.6742	0.6501	0.6316
DYS635	2	0.004	0.5924	0.6063	0.6308	0.7269
DYS448	2	0.002	0.5812	0.6074	0.6208	0.7226
DYS456	2	0.004	0.5687	0.5927	0.6399	0.6821
GATA-H4	3	0.003	0.5927	0.6408	0.5652	0.5576
DYS533	3	0.004	0.5457	0.5798	0.5815	0.5875
DYS393	4	0.001	0.4814	0.5154	0.5580	0.5349
DYS19	4	0.002	0.4990	0.5256	0.5363	0.5021
DYS438	5	0.001	0.3933	0.4762	0.5434	0.4964
DYS437	6	0.001	0.3202	0.3145	0.2906	0.5220
DYS391	6	0.002	0.2743	0.3195	0.2611	0.3514

A genetic sub-structure study of the Tibetan population in Southwest China

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