AARS1/2：从蛋白质翻译到代谢与免疫调控的双重功能

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.25-034

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Hereditas(Beijing) ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (9): 967-978.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.25-034

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AARS1/2: dual functions in protein translation and metabolic- immune regulation

Zongwang Zhang¹^,²^,³(), Jingwei Xiong¹^,⁴()

1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2. Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 321000, China
3. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
4. School of Basic Medical Sciences and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China

Received:2025-02-08 Revised:2025-04-02 Online:2025-04-03 Published:2025-04-03
Contact: Jingwei Xiong E-mail:zhang_zw@zju.edu.cn;jingwei_xiong@pku.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFA1800600);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32230032)

Abstract

Abstract:

Highly precise regulation of protein synthesis is critical for the homeostasis and functionality of living organisms. Alanyl-tRNA synthase (AARS1/2) plays a crucial role in this process. AARS1/2 are a class of enzymes that synthesize alanyl-tRNA in cells, participating in protein synthesis encoded by genes, and catalyzing the propionylation of lysine residues in proteins, thereby regulating protein function. This article reviews the research progress on the involvement of AARS1/2 in disease progression induced by protein mistranslation and in the regulation of the metabolic-immune interaction network, aiming to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of AARS1/2 and to provide a reference for the development of potential therapeutic drugs.

Key words: AARS1/2, protein translation, protein lactylation, tumor, metabolism

Zongwang Zhang, Jingwei Xiong. AARS1/2: dual functions in protein translation and metabolic- immune regulation[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2025, 47(9): 967-978.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

Fig. 2

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疾病名称	英文名	病变组织/器官/细胞	AARS1表达模式	参考文献
成人发病的轴突球体和色素胶质细胞白质脑病	Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with spheroids and pigmented glia	轴突球体和色素胶质细胞	下调	[17,25]
白质病变	White matter disease	髓鞘	下调	[21,26]
复发性急性肝衰竭	Recurrent acute liver failure	成纤维细胞	下调	[20]
腓骨肌萎缩症	Charcot-marie-tooth disease	神经细胞	下调	[26~32]
硫化物发育不良症	Trichothiodystrophy	头发、指甲和皮肤	下调	[22]
十二指肠癌	Duodenal cancer	十二指肠	上调	[23]
结肠癌	Colon adenocarcinoma	结肠	上调	[33]

疾病名称	英文名	病变组织/器官/细胞	AARS2 表达模式	参考文献
结肠癌	Colon adenocarcinoma	结肠	上调	[44~46]
成人发病的轴突球体和色素胶质细胞白质脑病	Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia	轴突球体和色素胶质细胞	下调	[25,47 ~52]
脑白质病	Leukodystrophy	脑	下调	[53~60]
肝细胞癌	Hepatocellular carcinoma	肝细胞	上调	[61]
心肌病	Cardiomyopathy	心肌细胞	下调	[8,38,42,62 ~64]
卵巢发育不全	Ovarian insufficiency	卵巢	下调	[65~69]

AARS1/2: dual functions in protein translation and metabolic- immune regulation

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