谱系特有基因研究进展

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.14-392

遗传 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 544-553.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.14-392

谱系特有基因研究进展

张焕萍^{1, 2}, 尹佟明²

1. 南京林业大学机电学院,南京 210037;
2. 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京 210037

收稿日期:2014-11-13 修回日期:2015-02-20 出版日期:2015-06-20 发布日期:2015-03-16
通讯作者: 尹佟明,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向：基因组学。E-mail: tmyin@njfu.edu.cn
作者简介:张焕萍,博士,讲师,研究方向：基因组学。E-mail: nuaazhp@njfu.edu.cn
基金资助:
行业公益重大项目(编号：201304102),国家自然科学基金项目(编号：31125008)和中国博士后基金项目(编号：2014M551604)资助

Advances in lineage-specific genes

Huanping Zhang^{1, 2}, Tongming Yin²

1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
2. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2014-11-13 Revised:2015-02-20 Online:2015-06-20 Published:2015-03-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 谱系特有基因(Lineage-specific genes,LSGs)是指在一个谱系中特有并与其他物种谱系所有基因没有明显序列相似性的基因,约为物种基因组全部基因数量的10%~20%,于1996年首次在完成全基因组测序的酵母基因组中大量发现。大规模测序技术的发展使谱系特有基因研究成为比较基因组学的研究热点,已在微生物、海洋低等生物、植物(如拟南芥、水稻、杨树)、昆虫及高等灵长类动物等多个物种或类群中展开,其生物功能对于阐明物种进化历程和生物适应性具有重要意义。文章介绍了谱系特有基因的研究背景和现状,从谱系特有基因获取、基因结构分析、进化起源、生物功能、表达特性分析等方面阐述谱系特有基因的研究进展,分析了存在的问题和后续研究方向,以期为相关研究提供参考。

关键词: 谱系特有基因, 孤儿基因, 基因起源进化, 基因生物功能

Abstract: Lineage-specific genes (LSGs) are defined as genes found in one particular taxonomic group but have no significant sequence similarity with genes from other lineages, which compose about 10%?20% of the total genes in the genome of a focal organism. LSGs were first uncovered in the yeast genome in 1996. The development of the whole genome sequencing leads to the emergence of studies on LSGs as a hot topic in comparative genomics. LSGs have been extensively studied on microbial species, lower marine organisms, plant (such as Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Populus), insects, primate, etc; the biological functions of LSGs are important to clarify the evolution and adaptability of a species. In this review, we summarize the progress of LSGs studies, including LSGs identification, gene characterization, origin and evolution of LSGs, biological function, and expression analysis of LSGs. In addition, we discuss the existing problems and future directions for studies in this area. Our purpose is to provide some unique insights into the researches of LSGs.

Key words: lineage-specific genes, orphan genes, origin and evolution of LSGs, biological function of LSGs

张焕萍, 尹佟明. 谱系特有基因研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2015, 37(6): 544-553.

Huanping Zhang, Tongming Yin. Advances in lineage-specific genes[J]. HEREDITAS(Beijing), 2015, 37(6): 544-553.

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谱系特有基因研究进展

Advances in lineage-specific genes

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