遗传 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 810-827.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.16-433

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

质体基因工程中选择标记基因研究进展

何勇1,2,3,罗岸2,母连胜2,陈强2,张艳2,叶开温2(),田志宏1,2()   

  1. 1 长江大学主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心，荆州 434025
    2 长江大学生命科学学院，荆州 434025
    3 长江大学农学院，荆州 434025
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-13 修回日期:2017-05-03 出版日期:2017-09-20 发布日期:2017-10-21
  • 作者简介:何勇,博士研究生,专业方向：水稻遗传与分子育种。E-mail: warers@yangtzeu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心开放基金项目(2015MS006)

Advances of selectable marker genes in plastid genetic engineering

Yong He1,2,3,An Luo2,Liansheng Mu2,Qiang Chen2,Yan Zhang2,Kai-Wun Yeh2(),Zhihong Tian1,2()   

  1. 1 Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
    2 College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
    3 College of Agronomy, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
  • Received:2017-03-13 Revised:2017-05-03 Online:2017-09-20 Published:2017-10-21
  • Supported by:
    the Foundation of Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry(2015MS006)

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摘要：

与细胞核基因工程相比,质体基因工程能更安全、精确和高效地对外源基因进行表达,作为下一代转基因技术已广泛用于基础研究和生物技术应用领域。与细胞核基因工程一样,质体基因工程中也需要合适的选择标记基因用于转化子的筛选和同质化,但基于质体基因组的多拷贝性和母系遗传特点,转化子的同质化需要一个长期的筛选过程,这就决定了质体基因工程中选择标记基因的选择标准将不同于细胞核基因工程中广泛使用的现行标准。目前,质体基因工程的遗传转化操作中使用较多的是抗生素选择标记基因,出于安全性考虑,需要找到可替换、安全的选择标记基因或有效的标记基因删除方法。本文在对质体基因工程研究的相关文献分析基础之上,对主要使用的选择标记基因及其删除体系进行了综述,并对比了其优缺点,同时探讨了质体基因工程中所使用的报告基因,以期为现有选择标记基因及其删除体系的改进和开发提供一定参考,进一步推动质体基因工程,尤其是单子叶植物质体基因工程的发展。

关键词: 质体基因工程, 叶绿体基因工程, 质体遗传转化, 叶绿体遗传转化, 选择标记基因, 标记基因删除

Abstract:

Plastid genetic engineering is a safer, more precise, and more efficient transgene expression system than the nuclear genetic transformation system. It has been widely used in basic research and biotechnology applications as the next-generation transgenic technology in plants. Similar to nuclear genetic transformation, selection markers are needed in plastid genetic engineering to identify ‘true’ transformants and acquire homoplasmy. Because of the high copy number of plastids, maternal inheritance of the plastid genome, and the long process of homogenization of transplastomic plants, the selection markers for plastid genetic engineering are different from those used in the nuclear transformation system. At present, antibiotic resistance genes are the most commonly used selectable markers in the transplastomic selections. However for biosafety reasons, they needed to be replaced with either alternative markers or marker-free systems for the plastid genetic engineering. In this review, we have evaluated and summarized the positive and negative features of the selectable markers and marker elimination strategies commonly used in the plastid engineering research in the literature on plastid genetic engineering research. In addition, we have reviewed the features of the reporter genes used in plastid genetic engineering. We hope this review can help improving the current and developing new selectable markers and marker removal systems, and further promote the development of plastid genetic engineering, especially on the monocotyledonous plants.

Key words: plastid genetic engineering, chloroplast genetic engineering, plastid transformation, chloroplast transformation, selectable marker genes, marker gene elimination