遗传 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 145-154.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.17-197

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

哺乳动物嵌合RNAs产生机制：cis-SAGe

禚建树,荆晓燕,杜欣,杨秀芹   

  1. 东北农业大学动物科技学院，150030 哈尔滨
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-31 修回日期:2017-07-31 出版日期:2018-02-20 发布日期:2018-01-22
  • 作者简介:作者简介: 禚建树,硕士研究生,专业方向：分子遗传学与动物育种。E-mail: 452273653@qq.com|通讯作者: 杨秀芹,博士,博士生导师,研究方向：分子遗传学与动物育种。E-mail: xiuqin163@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省科研机构创新能力提升专项(YC2016D001);黑龙江省留学归国科学基金项目资助(LC201412)

Generation of Chimeric RNAs by cis-splicing of adjacent genes (cis-SAGe) in mammals

Jianshu Zhuo,Xiaoyan Jing,Xin Du,Xiuqin Yang   

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
  • Received:2017-05-31 Revised:2017-07-31 Online:2018-02-20 Published:2018-01-22
  • Supported by:
    the Foundation for Improving Innovation Ability of Scientific Research Institution of Heilongjiang Province(YC2016D001);Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars of Heilongjiang Province(LC201412)

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摘要：

嵌合RNAs是指由两个或两个以上独立基因(即亲本基因)融合产生的新RNAs。传统观点认为,嵌合RNAs都是染色体重排的结果。近年来研究发现,相邻基因间的顺式剪接(cis-splicing of adjacent genes, cis-SAGe)也是产生嵌合RNAs的重要机制之一。cis-SAGe是同一条染色体上位置相邻、转录方向相同的基因间发生转录通读,由此产生的初始转录本经过加工,形成了含有两个或多个亲本基因序列的嵌合RNAs。cis-SAGe最初是在肿瘤细胞中被鉴定出来,其在肿瘤发生中的潜在功能引起了研究者的广泛兴趣。随着研究的深入,人们发现cis-SAGe也广泛存在于正常组织中,可能是哺乳动物进化过程中产生新基因的一种重要机制。本文就cis-SAGe的剪接和表达特性、产生机制及其产物的功能等方面进行了综述,以期为人们全面了解cis-SAGe的研究概况及发展趋势提供参考。

关键词: 嵌合RNAs, 相邻基因间的顺式剪接, 通读转录本, 产生机制

Abstract:

Chimeric RNA molecules, possessing exons from two or more independent genes, are traditionally believed to be produced by chromosome rearrangement. However, recent studies revealed that cis-splicing of adjacent genes (cis- SAGe) is one of the major mechanisms underlying the formation of chimeric RNAs. cis-SAGe refers to intergenic splicing of directly adjacent genes with the same transcriptional orientation, resulting in read-through transcripts, termed chimeric RNAs, which contain sequences from two or more parental genes. cis-SAGe was first identified in tumor cells, since then its potential in carcinogenesis has attracted extensive attention. More and more scientists are focusing on it. With the development of research, cis-SAGe was found to be ubiquitous in various normal tissues, and might make a crucial contribution to the formation of novel genes in the evolution of genomes. In this review, we summarize the splicing pattern, expression characteristics, possible mechanisms, and significance of cis-SAGe in mammals. This review will be helpful for general understanding of the current status and development tendency of cis-SAGe.

Key words: chimeric RNAs, cis-splicing of adjacent genes, read-through, generation mechanism