遗传 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 315-326.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.17-305

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物同源多倍体耐盐性研究进展

朱红菊,刘文革()   

  1. 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州 450009
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-14 修回日期:2018-02-05 出版日期:2018-04-20 发布日期:2018-03-12
  • 通讯作者: 刘文革 E-mail:lwgwm@163.com
  • 作者简介:朱红菊,在读博士,研究方向:多倍体西瓜抗逆。E-mail: huanpei633@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(31471893);中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2017-ZPRI);现代产业技术体系建设专项资助(CARS-26-03)

Progress on salt resistance in autopolyploid plants

Hongju Zhu,Wenge Liu()   

  1. Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
  • Received:2017-09-14 Revised:2018-02-05 Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-03-12
  • Contact: Liu Wenge E-mail:lwgwm@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471893);the grants from the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(CAAS-ASTIP-2017-ZPRI);Special Project for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-26-03)

摘要:

多倍化是高等植物进化最重要的动力之一,多倍体植物由于基因组组成以及基因表达方面的变化,通常会表现出不同的生理现象,多倍体的抗性优于其同源二倍体祖先。土壤盐碱化和次生盐渍化是影响农作物生产的重要因素,严重制约着我国农业的可持续发展。同源多倍体植物耐盐能力较强,是作物遗传改良的重要种质资源,了解其耐盐机理对培育耐盐品种具有重要意义。本文从与盐胁迫相关的耐盐性进化、生理生化水平、细胞结构和分子层面等多角度总结了植物同源多倍体盐胁迫研究进展,并以作者所在研究团队培育出的多倍体西瓜为例讨论了多倍体抗逆性研究存在的问题及未来的发展方向,以期为多倍体抗逆优势机理研究提供参考。

关键词: 同源多倍体, 耐盐性, 耐盐机制

Abstract:

Polyploidization is a key driving force that plays a vital role in the evolution of higher plants. Autopolyploid plants often demonstrate altered physiology phenomena due to the different genome composition and gene expression patterns. For example, autopolyploid plants are more resistant to stresses than their homologous diploid ancestors. Soil salinity and secondary salinization are two vital factors affecting crop production which severely limit the sustainable development of agriculture in China. Polyploid plants are important germplasm resources in crop genetic improvement due to their higher salt tolerance. Revealing the mechanism of salt tolerance in homologous plants will provide a foundation for breeding new plants with improved salt resistance. In this review, we describe the existing and ongoing characterization of the mechanism of salt tolerance in autopolyploid plants, including the salt tolerance evolution, physiology, biochemistry, cell structure and molecular level researches. Finally, we also discuss the prospects in this field by using polyploid watermelon as an example, which will be helpful in polyploid research and plant breeding.

Key words: autopolyploid, salt resistance, salt resistance mechanism