遗传 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10): 853-866.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.22-218
梁佳琦(
), 刘畅, 张雯翔, 陈思禹()
收稿日期:2022-06-27
修回日期:2022-09-06
出版日期:2022-10-20
发布日期:2022-09-20
通讯作者:
陈思禹
E-mail:3221030939@stu.cpu.edu.cn;siyuchen@cpu.edu.cn
作者简介:梁佳琦,在读硕士研究生,专业方向：病理生理学,细胞生物学。E-mail: 基金资助:
Jiaqi Liang(), Chang Liu, Wenxiang Zhang, Siyu Chen()
Received:2022-06-27
Revised:2022-09-06
Online:2022-10-20
Published:2022-09-20
Contact:
Chen Siyu
E-mail:3221030939@stu.cpu.edu.cn;siyuchen@cpu.edu.cn
Supported by:摘要：
代谢性疾病泛指代谢功能发生问题所引起的疾病,其主要症状包括中心性肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、血脂血糖异常、血压升高等。肝脏作为人体内一个重要的代谢器官,在调节全身葡萄糖和脂质代谢等许多生理过程中起关键作用。近年来的大量研究表明,肝脏可以合成和分泌多种生物信号分子,如FGF21、Fetuin-A以及ANGPTL8等,以自分泌/旁分泌的方式调节机体的代谢过程。干预相关肝脏分泌因子的表达可有助于预防、诊断和治疗代谢性疾病。然而,目前肝脏分泌因子与代谢稳态之间的互作机制仍不明确。本文对不同肝脏分泌因子与代谢性疾病的关系展开论述,以期为治疗代谢性疾病提供新的策略和参考。
梁佳琦, 刘畅, 张雯翔, 陈思禹. 肝脏分泌因子与代谢性疾病[J]. 遗传, 2022, 44(10): 853-866.
Jiaqi Liang, Chang Liu, Wenxiang Zhang, Siyu Chen. Interaction between hepatokines and metabolic diseases[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2022, 44(10): 853-866.
表1
肝脏分泌因子的主要特征"
| 肝脏分泌因子 | 分子量大小(kDa) | 主要表达组织/器官 | 受体 | 参考文献 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FGF21 | 23 | 肝脏、胰腺和脂肪组织 | KLB、FGFR1C | [ |
| ANGPTL3 | 70 | 肝脏 | integrin αvβ3 | [ |
| ANGPTL4 | 45 | 肝脏和脂肪组织 | 未知 | |
| ANGPTL8 | 22 | 肝脏和脂肪组织 | PirB | [ |
| Vanin-1 | 70 | 肝脏、肾脏和大肠 | 未知 | [ |
| Fetuin-A | 46 | 肝脏 | TLR4、IR | [ |
| Fetuin-B | 42 | 肝脏 | 未知 | |
| GPNMB | 115 | 肝脏、皮肤和脂肪组织 | integrin α5β1、NRP-1、VEGFR | [ |
| Adropin | 5 | 肝脏和脑 | GPR19 | [ |
| Tsukushi | 40 | 肝脏、脑、眼和骨 | 未知 | |
| LECT2 | 16 | 肝脏 | Tie1、VEGFR2、MET、CD209,、CD209a | [ |
| Hepassocin | 36 | 肝脏 | LAG3 | [ |
| MANF | 18 | 肝脏、脑、唾液腺和睾丸 | NPTN | [ |
| BMP9 | 47 | 肝脏 | GRP78、ALK1、ALK2、ALK3、ALK6、BMPRII、ActRIIA、ActRIIB | [ |
| PZP | 164 | 肝脏、肺、子宫内膜和睾丸 | TGF-β | [ |
图1
肝脏分泌因子通过运输到远端组织发挥系统作用 在胰腺中,Fetuin-A破坏β细胞功能成熟,而ANGPTL8促进β细胞增殖;FGF21调节腹内侧下丘脑的蔗糖摄入量;在血管和肺部,Fetuin-A抑制血管钙化和肺部肿瘤生长;在肌肉中,Adropin通过抑制平滑肌细胞增殖,LECT2、HFREP1和Fetuin-B诱导骨骼肌产生胰岛素抵抗;在脂肪组织中,PZP激活BAT促进产热,TSK抑制BAT活性减少产热,MANF和BMP9促进WAT褐变,ANGPTL4加速脂肪细胞中脂质的分解,GPNMB刺激脂肪细胞中的脂质生成。在心脏中,Adropin改善内皮细胞功能,Fetuin-A抑制心脏中钙盐的形成和积累;此外,Fetuin-A可以抑制肾结石的形成。"
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