遗传 ›› 2012, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 1114-1122.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2012.01114
王旭, 熊敬维
收稿日期:
2012-03-07
修回日期:
2012-06-07
出版日期:
2012-09-20
发布日期:
2012-09-25
通讯作者:
熊敬维
E-mail:jingwei_xiong@pku.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(编号:2010CB529503, 2012CB944501)和国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:30971662)资助
WANG Xu, XIONG Jing-Wei
Received:
2012-03-07
Revised:
2012-06-07
Online:
2012-09-20
Published:
2012-09-25
摘要: 心血管系统是胚胎发育中最先形成的器官之一, 为机体提供营养成分和氧气。血管发育包括两部分, 一是内皮祖细胞(Angioblast)聚集形成血管原基(Vasculogenesis), 二是从已有血管形成新的血管分支(Angiogenesis)。此后由初级内皮细胞管召集平滑肌细胞形成功能性血管(Vessel maturation)。内皮祖细胞起源途径包括:由Flk1阳性中胚层细胞到成血成血管细胞(Hemangioblast)到血管内皮祖细胞; 或由Flk1阳性中胚层细胞直接到血管内皮祖细胞。Flk1阳性中胚层细胞受到vegf、flk1、cloche、lycat、etsrp等关键基因或信号通路的调节, 其中核心问题是原肠期中胚层如何形成Flk1阳性中胚层细胞及进一步分化成血管内皮祖细胞和成血血管细胞。文章集中评述内皮祖细胞发育、分化及其分子遗传调控机制, 并展望本领域未来发展方向。
王旭,熊敬维. 血管内皮细胞发育及分子机制[J]. 遗传, 2012, 34(9): 1114-1122.
WANG Xu, XIONG Jing-Wei. Vascular endothelial cell development and underlying mechanisms[J]. HEREDITAS, 2012, 34(9): 1114-1122.
[1] Risau W, Flamme I. Vasculogenesis. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol, 1995, 11: 73-91.[2] Lawson ND, Scheer N, Pham VN, Kim CH, Chitnis AB, Campos-Ortega JA, Weinstein BM. Notch signaling is required for arterial-venous differentiation during embryonic vascular development. Development, 2001, 128(19): 3675-3683.[3] Lawson ND, Vogel AM, Weinstein BM. Sonic hedgehog and vascular endothelial growth factor act up-stream of the notch pathway during arterial endothelial differentiation. Dev Cell, 2002, 3(1): 127-136.[4] You LR, Lin FJ, Lee CT, DeMayo FJ, Tsai MJ, Tsai SY. Suppression of Notch signalling by the COUP-TFII transcription factor regulates vein identity. Nature, 2005, 435(7038): 98-104.[5] Murray PDF. The development in vitro of the blood of the early chick embryo. Proc R Soc London Ser B-Contain Pap A Biol Character, 1932, 111(773): 497-521.[6] Pardanaud L, Luton D, Prigent M, Bourcheix LM, Catala M, Dieterlen-Lievre F. Two distinct endothelial lineages in ontogeny, one of them related to hemopoiesis. Development, 1996, 122(5): 1363-1371.[7] Xiong JW. Molecular and developmental biology of the hemangioblast. Dev Dyn, 2008, 237(5): 1218-1231.[8] Eichmann A, Marcelle C, Bréant C, Le Douarin NM. Two molecules related to the VEGF receptor are expressed in early endothelial cells during avian embryonic development. Mech Dev, 1993, 42(1-2): 33-48.[9] Carmeliet P, Ferreira V, Breier G, Pollefeyt S, Kieckens L, Gertsenstein M, Fahrig M, Vandenhoeck A, Harpal K, Eberhardt C, Declercq C, Pawling J, Moons L, Collen D, Risau W, Nagy A. Abnormal blood vessel development and lethality in embryos lacking a single VEGF allele. Nature, 1996, 380(6573): 435-439.[10] Eichmann A, Corbel C, Nataf V, Vaigot P, Bréant C, Le Douarin NM. Ligand-dependent development of the en-dothelial and hemopoietic lineages from embryonic mesodermal cells expressing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1997, 94(10): 5141-5146.[11] Giles PB, Candy CL, Fleming PA, Owens RW, Argraves WS, Drake CJ. VEGF directs newly gastrulated mesoderm to the endothelial lineage. Dev Biol, 2005, 279(1): 169-178.[12] Evans MJ, Kaufman MJ. Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos. Nature, 1981, 292(5819): 154-156.[13] Vittet D, Prandini MH, Berthier R, Schweitzer A, Mar-tin-Sisteron H, Uzan G, Dejana E. Embryonic stem cells differentiate in vitro to endothelial cells through successive maturation steps. Blood, 1996, 88(9): 3424-3431.[14] Kennedy M, Firpo M, Chol K, Wall C, Robertson S, Kabrun N, Keller G. A common precursor for primitive erythropoiesis and definitive haematopoiesis. Nature, 1997, 386(6624): 488-493.[15] Choi K, Kennedy M, Kazarov A, Papadimitriou JC, Keller G. A common precursor for hematopoietic and endothelial cells. Development, 1998, 125(4): 725-732.[16] Nishikawa SI, Nishikawa S, Hirashima M, Matsuyoshi N, Kodama H. Progressive lineage analysis by cell sorting and culture identifies FLK1+VE-cadherin+ cells at a diverging point of endothelial and hemopoietic lineages. Development, 1998, 125(9): 1747-1757.[17] Chung YS, Zhang WJ, Arentson E, Kingsley PD, Palis J, Choi K. Lineage analysis of the hemangioblast as defined by FLK1 and SCL expression. Development, 2002, 129(23): 5511-5520.[18] Huber TL, Kouskoff V, Fehling HJ, Palis J, Keller G. Haemangioblast commitment is initiated in the primitive streak of the mouse embryo. Nature, 2004, 432(7017): 625-630.[19] Kaufman DS, Hanson ET, Lewis RL, Auerbach R, Thomson JA. Hematopoietic colony-forming cells derived from human embryonic stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2001, 98(19): 10716-10721.[20] Levenberg S, Golub JS, Amit M, Itskovitz-Eldor J, Langer R. Endothelial cells derived from human embryonic stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2002, 99(7): 4391-4396.[21] Zambidis ET, Peault B, Park TS, Bunz F, Civin CI. He-matopoietic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells progresses through sequential hematoendothelial, primitive, and definitive stages resembling human yolk sac development. Blood, 2005, 106(3): 860-870.[22] Kennedy M, D'Souza SL, Lynch-Kattman M, Schwantz S, Keller G. Development of the hemangioblast defines the onset of hematopoiesis in human ES cell differentiation cultures. Blood, 2007, 109(7): 2679-2687.[23] Lu SJ, Feng Q, Caballero S, Chen Y, Moore MAS, Grant MB, Lanza R. Generation of functional hemangioblasts from human embryonic stem cells. Nat Methods, 2007, 4(6): 501-509.[24] Mandal L, Banerjee U, Hartenstein V. Evidence for a fruit fly hemangioblast and similarities between lymph-gland hematopoiesis in fruit fly and mammal aorta-gonadal- mesonephros mesoderm. Nat Genet, 2004, 36(9): 1019-1023.[25] Lee RK, Stainier DY, Weinstein BM, Fishman MC. Car-diovascular development in the zebrafish. II. Endocardial progenitors are sequestered within the heart field. Development, 1994, 120(12): 3361-3366.[26] Vogeli KM, Jin SW, Martin GR, Stainier DYR. A common progenitor for haematopoietic and endothelial line-ages in the zebrafish gastrula. Nature, 2006, 443(7109): 337-339.[27] Furuta C, Ema H, Takayanagi SI, Ogaeri T, Okamura D, Matsui Y, Nakauchi H. Discordant developmental waves of angioblasts and hemangioblasts in the early gastrulating mouse embryo. Development, 2006, 133(14): 2771-2779.[28] Drake CJ, Fleming PA. Vasculogenesis in the day 6. 5 to 9. 5 mouse embryo. Blood, 2000, 95(5): 1671-1679.[29] Linask KK, Lash JW. Early heart development: dynamics of endocardial cell sorting suggests a common origin with cardiomyocytes. Dev Dyn, 1993, 196(1): 62-69.[30] Milgrom-Hoffman M, Harrelson Z, Ferrara N, Zelzer E, Evans SM, Tzahor E. The heart endocardium is derived from vascular endothelial progenitors. Development, 2011, 138(21): 4777-4787.[31] Faloon P, Arentson E, Kazarov A, Deng CX, Porcher C, Orkin S, Choi K. Basic fibroblast growth factor positively regulates hematopoietic development. Development, 2000, 127(9): 1931-1941.[32] Winnier G, Blessing M, Labosky PA, Hogan BL. Bone morphogenetic protein-4 is required for mesoderm formation and patterning in the mouse. Genes Dev, 1995, 9(17): 2105-2116.[33] Sirard C, de la Pompa JL, Elia A, Itie A, Mirtsos C, Cheung A, Hahn S, Wakeham A, Schwartz L, Kern SE, Rossant J, Mak TW. The tumor suppressor gene Smad4/ Dpc4 is required for gastrulation and later for anterior development of the mouse embryo. Genes Dev, 1998, 12(1): 107-119.[34] Yang X, Li CL, Xu XL, Deng CX. The tumor suppressor SMAD4/DPC4 is essential for epiblast proliferation and mesoderm induction in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1998, 95(7): 3667-3672.[35] Mead PE, Brivanlou IH, Kelley CM, Zon LI. BMP-4-responsive regulation of dorsal-ventral patterning by the homeobox protein Mix. 1. Nature, 1996, 382(6589): 357- 360.[36] Ng ES, Azzola L, Sourris K, Robb L, Stanley EG, Elefanty AG. The primitive streak gene Mixl1 is required for efficient haematopoiesis and BMP4-induced ventral mesoderm patterning in differentiating ES cells. Development, 2005, 132(5): 873-884.[37] Dyer MA, Farrington SM, Mohn D, Munday JR, Baron MH. Indian hedgehog activates hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis and can respecify prospective neurectodermal cell fate in the mouse embryo. Development, 2001, 128(10): 1717-1730.[38] Kikuchi Y, Agathon A, Alexander J, Thisse C, Waldron S, Yelon D, Thisse B, Stainier DYR. Casanova encodes a novel Sox-related protein necessary and sufficient for early endoderm formation in zebrafish. Genes Dev, 2001, 15(12): 1493-1505.[39] Vokes SA, Krieg PA. Endoderm is required for vascular endothelial tube formation, but not for angioblast specification. Development, 2002, 129(3): 775-785.[40] Hochman E, Kinston S, Harmelin A, Göttgens B, Izraeli S. The SCL 3'enhancer responds to Hedgehog signaling during hemangioblast specification. Exp Hematol, 2006, 34(12): 1643-1650.[41] Monkley SJ, Delaney SJ, Pennisi DJ, Christiansen JH, Wainwright BJ. Targeted disruption of the Wnt2 gene re-sults in placentation defects. Development, 1996, 122(11): 3343-3353.[42] Wang JB, Wynshaw-Boris A. The canonical Wnt pathway in early mammalian embryogenesis and stem cell maintenance/differentiation. Curr Opin Genet Dev, 2004, 14(5): 533-553.[43] Ishitobi H, Wakamatsu A, Liu F, Azami T, Hamada M, Matsumoto K, Kataoka H, Kobayashi M, Choi K, Nishikawa SI, Takahashi S, Ema M. Molecular basis for Flk1 expression in hemato-cardiovascular pro-genitors in the mouse. Development, 2011, 138(24): 5357-5368.[44] Breier G, Albrecht U, Sterrer S, Risau W. Expression of vascular endothelial growth-factor during embryonic an-giogenesis and endothelial-cell differentiation. Development, 1992, 114(2): 521-532.[45] Breier G, Risau W. The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in blood vessel formation. Trends Cell Biol 1996, 6(12): 454-456.[46] Yamaguchi TP, Dumont DJ, Conlon RA, Breitman ML, Rossant J. Flk-1, an flt-related receptor tyrosine kinase is an early marker for endothelial cell precursors. Development, 1993, 118(2): 489-498.[47] Millauer B, Wizigmann-Voos S, Schnürch H, Martinez R, Møller NPH, Risau W, Ullrich A. High affinity VEGF binding and developmental expression suggest flk-1 as a major regulator of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Cell, 1993, 72(6): 835-846.[48] Shalaby F, Rossant J, Yamaguchi TP, Gertsenstein M, Wu XF, Breitman ML, Schuh AC. Failure of blood-island formation and vasculogenesis in flk-1-deficient mice. Nature, 1995, 376(6535): 62-66.[49] Hidaka M, Stanford WL, Bernstein A. Conditional requirement for the Flk-1 receptor in the in vitro generation of early hematopoietic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1999, 96(13): 7370-7375.[50] Schuh AC, Faloon P, Hu QL, Bhimani M, Choi K. In vitro hematopoietic and endothelial potential of flk-1-/- embryonic stem cells and embryos. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1999, 96(5): 2159-2164.[51] Ryan HE, Lo J, Johnson RS. HIF-1α is required for solid tumor formation and embryonic vascularization. EMBO J, 1998, 17(11): 3005-3015.[52] Stainier DY, Weinstein BM, Detrich HW, Zon LI, Fishman MC. Cloche, an early acting zebrafish gene, is required by both the endothelial and hematopoietic lineages. Development, 1995, 121(10): 3141-3150.[53] Liao W, Bisgrove BW, Sawyer H, Hug B, Bell B, Peters K, Grunwald DJ, Stainier D. The zebrafish gene cloche acts upstream of a flk-1 homologue to regulate endothelial cell differentiation. Development, 1997, 124(2): 381-389.[54] Liao EC, Paw BH, Oates AC, Pratt SJ, Postlethwait JH, Zon LI. SCL/Tal-1 transcription factor acts downstream of cloche to specify hematopoietic and vascular progenitors in zebrafish. Genes Dev, 1998, 12(5): 621-626.[55] Liao W, Ho CY, Yan YL, Postlethwait J, Stainier DY. Hhex and Scl function in parallel to regulate early endo-thelial and blood differentiation in zebrafish. Development, 2000, 127(20): 4303-4313.[56] Brown LA, Rodaway ARF, Schilling TF, Jowett T, Ingham PW, Patient RK, Sharrocks AD. Insights into early vasculogenesis revealed by expression of the ETS-domain transcription factor Fli-1 in wild-type and mutant zebrafish embryos. Mech Dev, 2000, 90(2): 237-252.[57] Burns CE, DeBlasio T, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Zon L, Nimer SD. Isolation and characterization of runxa and runxb, zebrafish members of the runt family of transcriptional regulators. Exp Hematol, 2002, 30(12): 1381-1389.[58] Patterson LJ, Gering M, Patient R. Scl is required for dorsal aorta as well as blood formation in zebrafish embryos. Blood, 2005, 105(9): 3502-3511.[59] Sumanas S and Lin S. Ets1-related protein is a key regulator of vasculogenesis in zebrafish. PLoS Biol, 2006, 4(1): e10.[60] Li XG, Xiong JW, Shelley CS, Park H, Arnaout MA. The transcription factor ZBP-89 controls generation of the hematopoietic lineage in zebrafish and mouse embryonic stem cells. Development, 2006, 133(18): 3641-3650.[61] Pham VN, Lawson ND, Mugford JW, Dye L, Castranova D, Lo B, Weinstein BM. Combinatorial function of ETS transcription factors in the developing vasculature. Dev Biol, 2007, 303(2): 772-783.[62] Patterson LJ, Gering M, Eckfeldt CE, Green AR, Verfaillie CM, Ekker SC, Patient R. The transcription factors Scl and Lmo2 act together during development of the hemangio-blast in zebrafish. Blood, 2007, 109(6): 2389-2398.[63] Xiong JW, Yu QM, Zhang JJ, Mably JD. An acyltransferase controls the generation of hematopoietic and endothelial lineages in zebrafish. Circ Res, 2008, 102(9): 1057-1064.[64] Wang CY, Faloon PW, Tan ZJ, Lv YX, Zhang PB, Ge Y, Deng HK, Xiong JW. Mouse lysocardiolipin acyltransferase controls the development of hematopoietic and en-dothelial lineages during in vitro embryonic stem-cell dif-ferentiation. Blood, 2007, 110(10): 3601-3609.[65] Li J, Romestaing C, Han XL, Li Y, Hao XB, Wu YY, Sun C, Liu XL, Jefferson LS, Xiong JW, LaNoue KF, Chang ZJ, Lynch CJ, Wang HY, Shi YG. Cardiolipin remodeling by alcat1 links oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction to obesity. Cell Metab, 2010, 12(2): 154-165.[66] Lee D, Park C, Lee H, Lugus JJ, Kim SH, Arentson E, Chung YS, Gomez G, Kyba M, Lin S, Janknecht R, Lim DS, Choi K. ER71 acts downstream of BMP, Notch, and Wnt signaling in blood and vessel progenitor specification. Cell Stem Cell, 2008, 2(5): 497-507.[67] Kattman SJ, Huber TL, Keller GM. Multipotent Flk-1+ cardiovascular progenitor cells give rise to the cardiomyocyte, endothelial, and vascular smooth muscle lineages. Dev Cell, 2006, 11(5): 723-732.[68] Schoenebeck JJ, Keegan BR, Yelon D. Vessel and blood specification override cardiac potential in anterior meso-derm. Dev Cell, 2007, 13(2): 254-267.[69] Liu F, Kang I, Park C, Chang LW, Wang W, Lee D, Lim DS, Vittet D, Nerbonne JM, Choi K. ER71 specifies Flk-1+ hemangiogenic mesoderm by inhibiting cardiac mesoderm and Wnt signaling. Blood, 2012, 119(14): 3295-3305.[70] Veldman MB, Lin S. Etsrp/Etv2 is directly regulated by foxc1a/b in the zebrafish angioblast. Circ Res, 2012, 110(2): 220-229.[71] Thomas PQ, Brown A, Beddington R. Hex: a homeobox gene revealing peri-implantation asymmetry in the mouse embryo and an early transient marker of endothelial cell precursors. Development, 1998, 125(1): 85-94.[72] Hallaq H, Pinter E, Enciso J, McGrath J, Zeiss C, Brueckner M, Madri J, Jacobs HC, Wilson CM, Vasavada H, Jiang XB, Bogue CW. A null mutation of Hhex results in abnormal cardiac development, defective vasculogenesis and elevated vegfa levels. Development, 2004, 131(20): 5197-5209.[73] Nakagawa T, Abe M, Yamazaki T, Miyashita H, Niwa H, Kokubun S, Sato Y. HEX acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis by modulating the expression of angiogenesis-related gene in endothelial cells in vitro. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Bio, 2003, 23(2): 231-237.[74] Guo Y, Chan R, Ramsey H, Li WM, Xie XD, Shelley WC, Martinez-Barbera JP, Bort B, Zaret K, Yoder M, Hromas R. The homeoprotein Hex is required for hemangioblast differentiation. Blood, 2003, 102(7): 2428-2435.[75] Park C, Afrikanova I, Chung YS, Zhang WJ, Arentson E, Fong GH, Rosendahl A, Choi K. A hierarchical order of factors in the generation of FLK1- and SCL-expressing hematopoietic and endothelial progenitors from embryonic stem cells. Development, 2004, 131(11): 2749-2762.[76] Zafonte BT, Liu S, Lynch-Kattman M, Torregroza I, Benvenuto L, Kennedy M, Keller G, Evans T. Smad1 ex-pands the hemangioblast population within a limited developmental window. Blood, 2007, 109(2): 516-523.[77] Perlingeiro RCR. Endoglin is required for hemangioblast and early hematopoietic development. Develop-ment, 2007, 134(16): 3041-3048.[78] Lugus JJ, Chung YS, Mills JC, Kim SI, Grass JA, Kyba M, Doherty JM, Bresnick EH, Choi K. GATA2 functions at multiple steps in hemangioblast development and differentiation. Development, 2007, 134(2): 393-405.[79] Shalaby F, Ho J, Stanford WL, Fischer KD, Schuh AC, Schwartz L, Bernstein A, Rossant J. A requirement for Flk1 in primitive and definitive hematopoiesis and vascu-logenesis. Cell, 1997, 89(6): 981-990.[80] Gory-Fauré S, Prandini MH, Pointu H, Roullot V, Pignot- Paintrand I, Vernet M, Huber P. Role of vascular endothe-lial-cadherin in vascular morphogenesis. Development, 1999, 126(10): 2093-2102.[81] Sato TN, Tozawa Y, Deutsch U, Wolburgbuchholz K, Fu-jiwara Y, Gendronmaguire M, Gridley T, Wolburg H, Ri-sau W, Qin Y. Distinct roles of the receptor tyrosine kinases tie-1 and tie-2 in blood-vessel formation. Nature, 1995, 376(6535): 70-74.[82] Zeng LF, Xiao QZ, Margariti A, Zhang ZY, Zampetaki A, Patel S, Capogrossi MC, Hu YH, Xu QB. HDAC3 is crucial in shear- and VEGF-induced stem cell differentiation toward endothelial cells. J Cell Biol, 2006, 174(7): 1059-1069.[83] Jung SB, Kim CS, Naqvi A, Yamamori T, Mattagajasingh I, Hoffman TA, Cole MP, Kumar A, DeRicco JS, Jeon BH, Irani K. Histone deacetylase 3 antagonizes aspirin-stimulated endothelial nitric oxide production by reversing as-pirin-induced lysine acetylation of endothelial nitric oxide Synthase. Circ Res, 2010, 107(7): 877-887. |
[1] | 孙婷 谢翔 张剑卿 包静 汤川政 雷道希 邱菊辉 王贵学. 水平回转培养对斑马鱼血管发育的影响[J]. 遗传, 2013, 35(4): 502-510. |
[2] | 谢翔,胡建军,王贵学. 生物力学——胚胎血管系统发育研究新视野[J]. 遗传, 2012, 34(9): 1123-1132. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||
www.chinagene.cn
备案号:京ICP备09063187号-4
总访问:,今日访问:,当前在线: