遗传 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1016-1024.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.17-119

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

影响二花脸猪高产仔性能的生理及遗传机制研究进展

李平华,马翔,张叶秋,张倩,黄瑞华()   

  1. 南京农业大学养猪研究所,南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-30 修回日期:2017-07-18 出版日期:2017-11-20 发布日期:2017-12-20
  • 作者简介:李平华,博士,副教授,研究方向：动物健康生产学与遗传育种。E-mail: lipinghua718@163.com|黄瑞华，博士，教授，研究方向：动物健康生产学与遗传育种。E-mail: hrh2002@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31601923);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20140688);江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2014396)

Progress in the physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying the high prolificacy of the Erhualian pig

Pinghua Li,Xiang Ma,Yeqiu Zhang,Qian Zhang,Ruihua Huang()   

  1. Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Argricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2017-03-30 Revised:2017-07-18 Online:2017-11-20 Published:2017-12-20
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601923);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20140688);the Foundation from Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2014396)

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摘要：

二花脸猪是我国太湖流域以产仔数高而闻名于世界的优质猪种。已有的研究发现,二花脸猪排卵数高、胚胎死亡率低和子宫容积大是其高产性能的重要生理特征,通过候选基因法鉴别到其高产的重要候选基因——促卵泡素β亚基(follicular-stimulating hormone beta, FSH?),采用QTL定位方法在猪第2、6、7、8、12、13和15号染色体上定位到影响其产仔性状的QTL。但是,目前影响二花脸猪产仔数的主效基因尚不清楚。本文主要介绍了二花脸猪的高排卵数、低胚胎死亡率和高子宫容积特性对高产仔性能形成的生理作用;概括了基于传统方法鉴别出的影响二花脸猪高产仔性能的候选基因和QTL,以及基于组学方法鉴别出的二花脸猪高产候选基因;探讨了如何利用基因组、转录组、蛋白质组和功能组等多组学手段深入研究二花脸猪高产性能的成因,以期为深入解析二花脸猪高产性能的分子遗传机制提供参考。

关键词: 二花脸, 高产性能, 生理机制, 遗传机制

Abstract:

The Erhualian pig, originally distributed in the Taihu area, is well known for its universally high fertility. Previous studies have found that high ovulation numbers, low embryo mortality and high uterine volumes are important physiological characteristics underlying the high prolificacy of the Erhualian pig. Although candidate genes such as follicle-stimulating hormone β (FSHβ) and several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosome 2, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13 and 15 have been reported to affect the litter size in the Erhualian pig, the key genes related to high prolificacy remain poorly understood. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress in the physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying the high prolificacy of the Erhualian pig. First we review the role of high ovulation numbers, low embryo mortality rates and high uterine volumes in the formation of the high litter size in the Erhualian pig. Then we summarize candidate genes and QTLs for the high litter size detected by classical strategies, as well as by genomic strategies. Moreover, we describe the methods to investigate the causative genes of the high prolificacy through integrative analysis of multi-omics data including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and functional genomics. This review will provide insights to understand the molecular basis of the high prolificacy in the Erhualian pig.

Key words: Erhualian pig, high prolificacy, physiological mechanism, genetic mechanism