摘要： 本文就目前国内外林木连锁遗传图谱领域的研究进展进行了综述，指出了该领域研究中存在的主要问题，即一方面是作图个体的数量有限，另一方面是采用的标记以随机标记为主，导致了建成的图谱以及利用图谱获得的数量性状基因位点（QTLs）信息具有杂交组合特异性，造成了QTLs的可信度和在林木遗传改良以及标记辅助选择中的实用性降低等现象。针对存在的问题，讨论了根据林木生物学特点选择合适遗传标记的意义，指出进行林木比较作图研究的重要性和必要性。文中接着较为详尽地介绍了国外重要林木表达序列标签（EST）测序项目的研究进展，论述了功能已知和种间高度保守的表达序列标签多态性（ESTP）标记的由来，阐述了获得ESTP标记的主要方法，并指出应当利用ESTP标记进行林木遗传图谱构建、QTL定位和比较作图的研究。文中最后讨论了未来林木遗传图谱构建和QTL定位研究的发展方向，并探讨了我国在该领域取得重大进展的突破口，指出我国应首先进行杨树尤其是中国乡土杨树树种该方面的研究。
Abstract:The research progress in genetic linkage map construction of forest tree species both at home and abroad were reviewed in the paper.Two main problems involved in the field were discussed.One was the limitation of the number of individuals of mapping populations and the other was the random markers mostly employed by the majority of studies.These problems have resulted in crossing combination specificity in the constructed maps and the QTLs located on the basis of the maps.As a result,the QTLs discovered up to now have low credibility and poor practicability in marker-assisted selection.Therefore considering the biological characteristics of forest tree species,the selection of the most suitable genetic markers is crucial to obtain a high quality genetic linkage map,and it is both important and necessary to carry out comparative genetic mapping.Progress in the ongoing expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing projects were summarized and EST polymorphism (ESTP),the most informative and highly conservative marker with known function,as well as the main ESTP detection techniques were elaborated.It was pointed out that ESTP markers should be integrated into the present studies of genetic linkage map construction,QTL mapping and genome comparative mapping.Finally the future prospects in the fields of genetic linkage map and QTL mapping were discussed.In China,Such studies around Populus,especially in the local Populus species should make a breakthrough in the related fields.