水稻中胚轴伸长研究：种质挖掘、遗传机理与育种展望

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.24-284

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Hereditas(Beijing) ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 742-755.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-284

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Study on rice mesocotyl elongation: germplasm mining, genetic mechanism and breeding prospect

Haibin Guo¹^,²(), Weizhe Liu¹^,³(), Yaotao Bi¹^,³, Haitong Wang¹^,³, Wenqin Miao¹^,³, Ruihan Shi¹^,³, Xiangdong Liu¹^,³()

1. State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2. Center for Basic Experiments and Practical Training, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
3. College of Agriculture, Guangdong Base Bank for Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

Received:2024-09-29 Revised:2025-03-10 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-03-20
Contact: Xiangdong Liu E-mail:ghb@scau.edu.cn;15016317909@163.com;xdliu@scau.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202310564026);Base Bank of Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources Project(2024B1212060009)

Abstract

Abstract:

The elongation of the rice mesocotyl is a crucial determinant influencing seedling emergence and early vigor in dry-direct seeding rice, offering significant theoretical and practical implications for direct-seeding research. Mesocotyl elongation is a complex process that involves the regulation of genetic factors, plant hormones, signaling molecules, and environmental influences. These factors interact and jointly determine the elongation of the mesoderm. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the research of long mesocotyl rice germplasm resources mining, the mapped and cloned mesocotyl elongation genes/QTLs, and the genetic mechanism and influencing factors of rice mesocotyl growth. Finally, the application of long-mesocotyl rice germplasm and its associated issues are examined and predicted to establish a foundation for rice genetic breeding and production applications.

Key words: Oryza sativa L., mesocotyl elongation, long mesocotyl germplasm, genetic mechanism, breeding applications

Haibin Guo, Weizhe Liu, Yaotao Bi, Haitong Wang, Wenqin Miao, Ruihan Shi, Xiangdong Liu. Study on rice mesocotyl elongation: germplasm mining, genetic mechanism and breeding prospect[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2025, 47(7): 742-755.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Table 2

Known rice varieties (lines) with long mesocotyl"

材料名称	类型	来源	筛选条件	中胚轴长度 (cm)	参考文献
IR64	籼稻	菲律宾	25℃~28℃，水培10天 30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天	0.73 3.48	[24] [11]
沈农265	粳稻	中国	25℃~28℃，水培10天 30℃，水培10天	1.14 1.76	[19] [25]
PBR	杂草稻	韩国	33℃，4.5 cm土培7天 30℃，琼脂培养基培养7天	2.18 1.48	[26] [27]
扎西马	陆稻	中国	30℃，MS培养基培养7天	7.55	[28]
KASALATH	籼稻	印度	30℃/75%湿度，琼脂培养基培养7天 30℃/26℃(14 h/10 h)，10 cm土培14天	3.85 3.65	[10] [29]
鄂中4号	籼稻	中国	催芽后，28℃，10 cm淹水培养7天	1.36	[9]
DH4038	‒	中国	催芽后，28℃，10 cm淹水培养7天	1.03	[9]
DAW DAM	粳稻	泰国	30℃，6 cm沙培10天/4.8 cm水培10天	4.80	[17]
RC146	籼稻	‒	30℃，6 cm沙培10天/4.8 cm水培10天	4.08	[17]
早献党	籼稻	中国	30℃，6 cm沙培10天/4.8 cm水培10天	5.03	[17]
CH34	籼稻	中国	催芽后，22℃，6 cm沙培14~16天	2.42	[30]
BASMATI 385	籼稻	印度	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天 30℃，6 cm土培8天	4.68 3.85	[11] [31]
BR11	籼稻	孟加拉国	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天 30℃，6 cm土培8天	4.24 4.60	[11] [31]
CHANGAI	‒	孟加拉国	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天 30℃，6 cm土培8天	4.74 4.75	[11] [31]
79	‒	巴基斯坦	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天	5.13	[11]
BAMLA SUFFAID 32	籼稻	巴基斯坦	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天	4.80	[11]
M 136-20	籼稻	印度	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天	4.67	[11]
CASH	籼稻	孟加拉国	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天	4.75	[11]
BALAM 2	籼稻	孟加拉国	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天	4.83	[11]
KALASU	‒	菲律宾	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天	4.20	[11]
BLACK 28-573	籼稻	孟加拉国	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天	3.39	[11]
BHAHURI	籼稻	孟加拉国	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天	4.18	[11]
MALAGKIT(PINELIPE)	粳稻	菲律宾	30℃，土培10天	4.09	[7]
BIKYAT	粳稻	菲律宾	30℃，土培10天	4.23	[7]
BUNTU DOMBA 1	粳稻	印度尼西亚	30℃，土培10天	4.26	[7]
BLUEBELLE	粳稻	美国	30℃，土培10天	4.38	[7]
LUSITO IRRADIADO 859-85-2	粳稻	葡萄牙	30℃，土培10天	2.05	[7]
FU LI HONG	粳稻	中国	30℃，土培10天	2.08	[7]
MAO ZHA NUO	粳稻	中国	30℃，土培10天	2.11	[7]
HAN NUO	粳稻	中国	30℃，土培10天	2.20	[7]
贵9B	籼稻	中国	27℃，水培7~9天	0.47	[32]
V20B	籼稻	中国	27℃，水培7~9天	0.73	[32]
YUEDAO46	‒	越南	30℃，水培10天	1.88	[12]
旱恢3号	籼稻	中国	30℃，MS培养基培养7天	4.00	[18]

Table 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 3

Fig. 3

Supplementary Table 1

Mesocotyl elongation QTL loci mapped by map-based cloning and BSA mapping"

定位方法	QTL名称	染色体	分子标记区间	LOD值	贡献率(%)	加性效应	增效来源	表型鉴定方法	标记类型	参考文献
图位克隆	-	1	RG811	4.21	12.80	2.49	Labelle	-	RFLP	[1]
	qml1-1	1	RZ276-RG146	4.19	3.45	0.17	IR64	滤纸	RFLP	[2]
	-	1	RG345	3.02	-	-0.50	Pei_kuh	-	RFLP	[3]
	qMel-1	1	C86-C742	5.40	15.90	5.00	Kasalath	琼脂	RFLP	[5]
		1	C86-C742	8.30	22.60	4.60	Kasalath	琼脂	RFLP	[5]
		1	RM5448-RM5310	精细定位				琼脂	SSR	[5]
	qMel-1	1	R2414	3.44	13.89	4.34	Kasalath	土培	RFLP	[6]
	qml1-1	1	RM294A-RG146	3.52	-	-	-	FeSO4	SSR/RFLP	[7]
	qml1-2	1	RM9-RZ154	3.82	3.50	-0.02	密阳46	FeSO4	SSR/RFLP	[7]
	qml1-3	1	RZ730-RM265	6.93	7.00	-0.03	密阳46	FeSO4	RFLP/SSR	[7]
	qml1-4	1	RG146-RM81A*	2.98	-	-	-	FeSO4	SSR/RFLP	[7]
	qML1	1	RM562-RM5	9.50	10.87	0.17	SN265	水培	SSR	[8]
	qMel-1	1	RM306-RM7419	14.80	37.30	1.80	PBR	琼脂	SSR	[4]
	qMel-1	1	RM306-RM7419	14.80	37.30	1.80	PBR	琼脂	SSR	[9]
	qML1a	1	11727065-14502201	9.87	27.07	2.88	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
	qML1a	1	11.34-14.81	4.72	14.01	1.34	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
	qML1b	1	40402881-40528901	8.09	22.80	-2.59	LTH	滤纸	bin	[10]
	qML1b	1	40402881-40528901	4.75	14.09	-1.32	LTH	滤纸	bin	[10]
	qMel-1	1	RM265	-	9.10	-	-	滤纸	SSR	[11]
	-	1	Chr1_bin348^#-Chr1_bin350^#	10.68	14.12	0.53	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
	-	1	Chr1_bin899^#-Chr1_bin902^#	3.68	4.46	0.30	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
	-	1	Chr1_bin1342^#-Chr1_bin1348^#	3.98	4.92	0.21	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
	-	1	Chr1_bin147^#-Chr1_bin149^#	7.67	7.69	0.40	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
	-	1	Chr1_bin612^#-Chr1_bin620^#	12.02	11.96	0.49	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
	-	1	Chr1_bin1322^#-Chr1_bin1327^#	4.54	4.28	0.29	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
	-	1	Chr1_bin140^#-Chr1_bin146^#	5.78	5.70	0.29	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
	-	1	Chr1_bin348^#-Chr1_bin350^#	8.51	8.53	0.35	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
	-	1	Chr1_bin1396^#-Chr1_bin1398^#	5.79	5.74	0.28	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
	qml2-1	2	RZ288*-RG171	3.45-3.52	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
	qml2-2	2	RG555-RZ915*	3.61	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
	qml2-3	2	RZ123*-RM208	2.98	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP/SSR	[7]
	qml2-4	2	RZ717-RZ668	3.52	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
	qML2	2	RM279-RM145	3.65	12.30	-0.23	SN265	水培	SSR	[8]
	qML2	2	RM425-RM138	2.34	7.25	0.19	IR24	琼脂	SSR	[13]
	qML2a	2	5949104-6766 013	3.90	11.73	-1.87	LTH	滤纸	bin	[10]
	qML2b	2	9950443-10140666	4.70	9.59	1.31	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
	qML2c	2	23.96-24.87	5.72	16.72	-1.48	LTH	滤纸	bin	[10]
	qML2c	2	24034180-24534531	6.51	13.71	-1.38	LTH	滤纸	bin	[10]
	qML2d	2	29.47-30.60	5.03	14.86	-2.12	LTH	滤纸	bin	[10]
	qML2d	2	30498188-30600810	3.32	10.07	-1.14	LTH	滤纸	bin	[10]
	qMel-2-1	2	RM525	-	10.20	-	-	滤纸	SSR	[11]
	qMel-2-2	2	RM1358	-	6.10	-	-	滤纸	SSR	[11]
	-	2	Chr2_bin1887^#-Chr2_bin1895^#	4.09	3.99	-0.24	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
	qML-2-1	2	Marker1063693-Marker1205462	3.15	7.37	0.94	V20B	滤纸	SLAF	[14]
	-	3	RZ403	4.73	17.50	3.34	Labelle	-	RFLP	[1]
	-	3	RZ630	3.33	10.30	3.26	Labelle	-	RFLP	[1]
	qml3	3	RG179-RZ403	3.67	11.32	0.21	IR64	滤纸	RFLP	[2]
	qml3-1	3	RZ517-RZ399	4.67	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
	qml3-2	3	RZ328-RZ575	3.45	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
	qml3-3	3	RZ696-RZ22	4.43	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
	qML3	3	RM426-RM448	8.93	24.97	0.29	LTH	水培	SSR	[8]
	qML3	3	RM426-RM514	15.52	33.36	0.41	LTH	赤霉素	SSR	[8]
	-	3	G232-R1927	3.11	-	-0.59	Pei-kuh	-	RFLP	[3]
	-	3	BCD450-R1927	5.51	-	0.67	W1944	-	RFLP	[3]
	-	3	BCD452*-RZ393	3.04	-	-0.56	Pei-kuh	-	RFLP	[3]
	qMel-3	3	RM8208-RM8277*	2.80	6.50	0.80	PBR	琼脂	SSR	[4]
	qMel-3	3	RM8208-RM8277	2.80	6.50	0.80	PBR	琼脂	SSR	[9]
	qMel-3	3	R3226-R1925	4.20	11.50	4.40	Kasalath	琼脂	RFLP	[5]
		3	C595-R1925	7.50	20.80	4.50	Kasalath	琼脂	RFLP	[5]
		3	RM3513-RM1238	精细定位				琼脂	SSR	[5]
	qMel-3	3	R1618	12.09	37.56	6.41	Kasalath	土培	RFLP	[6]
	qMel-3	3	R1618	7.18	26.97	6.46	Kasalath	土培	RFLP	[6]
	qML3	3	RM7097-RM3856	3.48	11.07	0.23	IR24	琼脂	SSR	[13]
	qML3	3	DX-C3-27	6.04	15.95	9.50	DX	水培	InDel	[15]
qLOE-3	3	RM3919-RM520*	2.55	10.70	-0.30	TN1	滤纸	SSR	[16]
qML3a	3	28854965-28943148	17.82	43.44	3.57	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
	3	28.38-28.94	7.93	22.40	1.66	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
	3	28854965-28943148	9.85	21.94	1.75	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
	3	28854965-28943148	10.78	18.23	2.71	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
qML3b	3	34.06-34.15	10.15	27.72	2.97	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
	3	34.06-35.39	4.33	12.93	1.30	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
	3	34059699-34097392	3.96	5.99	1.62	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
qMel-3	3	RM16	-	5.50	-	-	滤纸	SSR	[11]
qml4-1	4	RG190-RZ69	6.26	-		-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
-	4	G271	3.34	-	0.78	WB1944	-	RFLP	[3]
qML4	4	16043202-16672048	3.50	10.59	-1.76	LTH	滤纸	bin	[10]
qML-4-1	4	Marker358752-Marker474694	3.60	8.53	1.0131	V20B	滤纸	SLAF	[14]
qML-4-2	4	Marker358752-Marker474694	13.59	10.53	2.2102	V20B	滤纸	SLAF	[14]
-	5	RZ67	2.67	12.60	3.41	Labelle	-	RFLP	[1]
qml5-1	5	RG119-RG346	2.82	4.30	0.04	密阳46	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
qml5-2	5	B10A*-RG13	3.89	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
qml5-3	5	RZ225-RG435	3.89	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
qml5-4	5	RM274-C246	4.37	11.40	0.17	密阳46	FeSO4	SSR/RFLP	[7]
qml5-5	5	RG776B-B10A*	3.14	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
qml5-5	5	RG413*-RG182	3.82	10.40	-0.05	密阳46	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
-	5	RZ296	4.06	-	0.65	W1944	-	RFLP	[3]
-	5	APAGE1*	3.03	-	0.67	W1944	-	Undefined	[3]
-	5	R521	3.10	-	0.69	W1944	-	RFLP	[3]
qML5	5	3180897-3836962	6.67	19.21	2.43	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
qML5	5	1.06-3.84	4.18	12.51	1.25	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
-	5	Chr5_bin5536^#-Chr5_bin5537^#	3.24	3.03	0.24	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
-	6	RZ144	4.31	-	0.73	W1944	-	RFLP	[3]
qml6-1	6	RZ588-RG138	3.14	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
qml6-3	6	RZ516-RM217	3.52	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
qML6	6	RM253-RM402	4.95	9.28	0.17	SN265	水培	SSR	[8]
qML6	6	RM402-RM541*	5.20	7.95	0.20	SN265	赤霉素	SSR	[8]
qMel-6	6	R2123	2.81	8.28	3.89	Nip	土培	RFLP	[6]
qML6	6	DX-C6-4	5.47	16.79	4.10	DX	水培	InDel	[15]
qML6	6	23293929-24905077	4.92	14.56	-1.34	LTH	滤纸	bin	[10]
-	6	Chr6_bin6431^#-Chr6_bin6433^#	7.49	7.24	-0.38	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
-	6	Chr6_bin6431^#-Chr6_bin6433^#	3.94	3.82	-0.23	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
-	7	RZ395	3.36	28.50	3.57	Labelle	-	RFLP	[1]
qml7-1	7	RG511-RG477*	3.67	17.55	-0.26	Azucena	滤纸	RFLP	[2]
qml7-1	7	RZ721-RG650	6.26	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
qml7-2	7	RZ753-RM182	4.43	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP/SSR	[7]
qML7	7	RM214-RM560	3.41	8.86	-0.22	Asominori	琼脂	SSR	[13]
qMel-7	7	R1789-C213	6.00	15.90	4.80	Kasalath	琼脂	RFLP	[5]
qML7	7	3793363-4228327	3.47	10.50	1.86	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
qMel-7	7	RM5380	-	11.30	-	-	滤纸	SSR	[11]
qML-7-1	7	Marker301046-Marker305818	3.59	8.43	1.01	V20B	滤纸	SLAF	[14]
qml8	8	A18A1120-TGMS1.2	4.87	4.59	0.14	IR64	滤纸	Undefined	[2]
qml8-1	8	RZ562-RG108	4.67	-	-	-	FeSO₄	RFLP	[7]
qml8-2	8	RZ66-RM264	4.29	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP	[7]
qLOE-8	8	RM310-RM72	2.72	11.80	0.31	CJ06	滤纸	SSR	[16]
qMel-8	8	RM6948	-	4.60	-	-	滤纸	SSR	[11]
qML-8-1	8	RM32-RM6990	2.51	19.53	-0.79	贵9B	滤纸	SSR	[14]
qml9	9	RM107-RG662	3.60	4.60	-0.03	密阳46	FeSO4	SSR/RFLP	[7]
-	9	Awn	4.21	-	-0.57	Pei-kuh	-	Undefined	[3]
qMel-9	9	R79-G385	5.10	12.60	3.60	Kasalath	琼脂	RFLP	[5]
qML9	9	9867479-10257443	5.44	15.97	2.29	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
-	9	Chr9_bin8476^#-Chr9_bin8481^#	4.50	5.64	-0.33	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
qMel-10-1	10	RM304	-	5.70	-	-	滤纸	SSR	[11]
qMel-10-2	10	RM311	-	4.80	-	-	滤纸	SSR	[11]
qMel-10-3	10	RM333	-	4.10	-	-	滤纸	SSR	[11]
-	10	Chr10_bin8945^#-Chr10_bin8950^#	4.98	4.92	0.29	HY73	MS培养基	bin	[12]
qML-10-1	10	RM474-RM25425	2.63	18.17	-0.7359	贵9B	滤纸	SSR	[14]
qML-10-2	10	RM474-RM25425	3.42	20.68	-0.7907	贵9B	滤纸	SSR	[14]
-	11	RZ536	5.40	16.00	-0.62	Pei-kuh	-	RFLP	[3]
qml11	11	RG167-RM287	4.29	-	-	-	FeSO4	RFLP/SSR	[7]
qLOE-11	11	RM1812-RM5599	2.26	11.40	-0.32	TN1	滤纸	SSR	[16]
qML11	11	PM173-RM441	8.99	18.25	0.23	SN265	水	SSR	[8]
qML11	11	PM173-RM441	8.07	11.76	0.27	SN265	赤霉素	SSR	[8]
qML11a	11	0.00-1.24	3.49	10.56	1.78	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
qML11a	11	921653-1241067	5.54	8.58	1.59	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
qML11b	11	23536257-23632920	6.14	17.83	-2.47	LTH	滤纸	bin	[10]
qML11b	11	23536257-23632920	3.34	10.13	-1.20	LTH	滤纸	bin	[10]
qMel-11	11	RM224	-	5.90	-	-	滤纸	SSR	[11]
qml12	12	RM309-RG543	3.61	-	-	-	FeSO4	SSR/RFLP	[7]
qLOE-12	12	RM270-RM17	3.78	29.30	0.46	CJ06	滤纸	SSR	[16]
qMel-12	12	C443-R2708	3.2	9.90	4.60	Kasalath	琼脂	RFLP	[5]
qML12	12	643519-772531	6.54	18.87	2.41	SN265	滤纸	bin	[10]
qMel-12	12	RM17	-	9.60	-	-	滤纸	SSR	[11]
BSA QTL-seq	qML1-1	1	9267549-12204977	2.9	5.55	-	-	沙培	-	[17]
	qML1-2	1	23342896-26987194	3	5.41	-	-	沙培	-	[17]
	qML3	3	24004874-37355338	3.2	6.22	-	-	沙培	-	[17]
	qML12-1	12	2570555-8344686	3	5.95	-	-	沙培	-	[17]
	qML12-2	12	9102662-10347300	2.5	7.12	-	-	沙培	-	[17]
	qML12-3	12	12561328-15020967	2.5	7.04	-	-	沙培	-	[17]
	qML1	1	38190416~38383221	3.85	5.38	-	-	土培	-	[18]
	qML3	3	28890281~31027370	2.65	8.82	-	-	土培	-	[18]
	qML1.1	1	6.57-8.12	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
	qML1.2	1	14.21-17.32	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
	qML1.3	1	18.59-20.15	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
		1	18.51-20.36	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
		1	19.88-21.12	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
		1	20.04-21.12	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
	qML1.4	1	36.59-39.01	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
		1	38.32-39.67	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
		1	37.58-39.30	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
	qML3.1	3	25.12-30.13	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
	qML3.2	3	27.21-30.13	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
	qML3.2	3	29.51-32.3	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
	qML3.3	3	35.72-36.15	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
	qML4.1	4	19.50-21.92	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
	qML4.2	4	25.50-27.13	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
	qML5.1	5	8.99-11.03	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
	qML6.1	6	2.59-5.12	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
	qML7.1	7	4.98-8.52	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
		7	4.35-7.56	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
		7	5.52-8.65	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
	qML7.2	7	13.69-16.25	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
		7	14.99-17.12	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
		7	14.89-16.52	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
		7	15.45-16.98	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
		7	15.58-18.24	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
		7	16.37-18.49	-	-	-	-		-	[19]
	qML9.1	9	11.53-13.54	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]
	qML9.1	9	11.99-15.28	-	-	-	-	土培	-	[19]

Supplementary Table 1

Supplementary Table 2

Mesocotyl elongation QTL loci mapped by GWAS"

定位方法	QTL名称	染色体	物理位置(bp)	SNP(bp)	表型鉴定方法	参考文献
GWAS	seq-rs9	1	328402	328402	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs69	1	2310793	2310793	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs303	1	16819798	16819798	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs576	1	37645391	37645391	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs2224	4	26977890	26977890	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs2230	4	27764966	27764966	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs2327	4	32369445	32369445	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs2346	4	32780816	32780816	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs2638	5	27312765	27312765	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs2709	6	1587323	1587323	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs3113	6	30282802	30282802	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs3130	6	31389107	31389107	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs3224	7	6123504	6123504	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs4080	9	1597258	1597258	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs4094	9	4209107	4209107	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs4192	9	10045572	10045572	滤纸	[20]
	seq-rs5352	11	26779678	26779678	滤纸	[20]
	qFML2-1	2	3858289	3858289	土培	[21]
	qFML3-1	3	29376315	29376315	土培	[21]
	qFML3-2	3	30603087-30606285	30603087; 30606285	土培	[21]
	qFML4-1	4	34837207	34837207	土培	[21]
	qFML7-1	7	12552125	12552125	土培	[21]
	qFML7-2	7	13602658-13746039	13602658; 13611491; 13728692; 13728704; 13729329; 13746039	土培	[21]
	qFML7-3	7	14579544	14579544	土培	[21]
	qFML7-4	7	16129890-16151805	16129890; 16135146; 16151805	土培	[21]
	qFML7-5	7	23772528	23772528	土培	[21]
	qFML8-1	8	10613231	10613231	土培	[21]
	qFML9-1	9	6598055	6598055	土培	[21]
	qFML10-1	10	1681425-1713500	1681425; 1713500	土培	[21]
	qFML11-1	11	6031396-6065939	6031396; 6065939	土培	[21]
	qML3	3	35816244-35979659	35979659	水培	[22]
	qML6	6	27807116-27938857	27896505	水培	[22]
	qML6	6	27888568-28014928	27919547	水培	[22]
	qML7-1	7	9472064-9786364	9786364	水培	[22]
	qML7-1	7	9437554-9737697	9589471	水培	[22]
	qML7-2	7	10176805-10310435	10269657	水培	[22]
	qML7-2	7	10105892-10309260	10309260	水培	[22]
	qML7-3	7	10478879-10789598	10568466	水培	[22]
	qML7-3	7	10478879-10769531	10568466	水培	[22]
	qML7-4	7	10814623-11084705	10568466	水培	[22]
	qML7-4	7	10787167-11084705	10889695	水培	[22]
	qML7-5	7	11136574-11322146	11322146	水培	[22]
	qML7-5	7	11134962-11341206	11322146	水培	[22]
	qML7-6	7	11471195-11709991	11471195	水培	[22]
	qML7-6	7	11471195-11769020	11494111	水培	[22]
	qML7-7	7	11902494-11964266	11958366	水培	[22]
	qML7-7	7	11779712-11964266	11902494	水培	[22]
	qML7-8	7	12310419-12574392	12552125	水培	[22]
	qML7-8	7	12295109-12574392	12449046	水培	[22]
	qML7-9	7	12697882-12912710	12705286	水培	[22]
	qML7-9	7	12604333-12873178	12705286	水培	[22]
	qML7-10	7	13117230-13414715	13117230	水培	[22]
	qML7-10	7	12910686-13208817	13117230	水培	[22]
	qML7-11	7	13484471-13784207	13484471	水培	[22]
	qML7-11	7	13212181-13489906	13485801	水培	[22]
	qML7-12	7	13784785-13992690	13887460	水培	[22]
	qML7-12	7	13534991-13834312	13542834	水培	[22]
	qML7-13	7	14104145-14365954	14117308	水培	[22]
	qML7-13	7	13835773-14119781	13887460	水培	[22]
	qML7-14	7	14491044-14791330	14559183	水培	[22]
	qML7-14	7	14303315-14603086	14561546	水培	[22]
	qML7-15	7	14792015-15011892	14977956	水培	[22]
	qML7-15	7	14604136-14825137	14623066	水培	[22]
	qML7-16	7	14929367-15011892	14977956	水培	[22]
qML7-17	7	15233968-15271082	15271082	水培	[22]
qML11-1	11	17673837-17935621	17935621	水培	[22]
qML11-2	11	18061308-18719539	18068994	水培	[22]
qML9	9	13675322-13715217	13677702	水培	[22]
qML1-1	1	28883561-28925133	28925133	沙培	[22]
qML1-2	1	29555549-29971351	29971351	沙培	[22]
qML5	5	6410232-6431282	6413558	沙培	[22]
qML11	11	25523242-25546412	25523911	沙培	[22]
qML11	11	25520643-25546412	25523911	沙培	[22]
qML1-1	1	28884041-28963942	28922401	沙培	[22]
qML1-2	1	29222771-29676601	29222771	沙培	[22]
qML4	4	31023903-31042321	31042125	沙培	[22]
qML6-1	6	9822471-9828540	9822471	沙培	[22]
qML6-2	6	10135830-10201629	10145935	沙培	[22]
qML6-3	6	26581014-26613072	26588365	沙培	[22]
qML8	8	20782674-20892232	20880508	沙培	[22]
qMeL1	1	39800748	39800748	滤纸	[23]
qMeL2	2	23077334	23077334	滤纸	[23]
qMeL3	3	28107342	28107342	滤纸	[23]
qMeL4	4	16924548	16924548	滤纸	[23]
qMeL6	6	27612798	27612798	滤纸	[23]
qMeL7	7	19900879	19900879	滤纸	[23]
qMeL8	8	1125921	1125921	滤纸	[23]
qMeL9	9	17738558	17738558	滤纸	[23]
qMeL11	11	21819231	21819231	滤纸	[23]
qMeL12	12	4867702	4867702	滤纸	[23]
rs_1_16752644	1	14.1-17.3(Mb)	16752644	沙培；土培	[24]
rs_2_5647116	2	5.6-8.7(Mb)	5647116	水培；沙培	[24]
rs_2_11740641	2	11.7-15.4(Mb)	11740641	水培；土培	[24]
rs_3_15245138	3	15.2-15.3(Mb)	15245138	水培；沙培	[24]
rs_4_7234284	4	7.2(Mb)	7234284	水培	[24]
rs_5_6206136	5	5.8-6.3(Mb)	6206136	土培	[24]
rs_5_11950679	5	10.6-12.0(Mb)	11950679	沙培；土培	[24]
rs_6_7313005	6	7.3-9.7(Mb)	7313005	水培；沙培	[24]
rs_6_16643928	6	15.3-16.6(Mb)	16643928	沙培；土培	[24]
rs_7_10769188	7	10.0-13.6(Mb)	10769188	土培	[24]
rs_8_5219449	8	2.8-5.2(Mb)	5219449	沙培	[24]
rs_9_1446824	9	1.3-2.8(Mb)	1446828	水培；沙培	[24]
rs_9_7059246	9	7.1-9.1(Mb)	7059246	沙培；土培	[24]
rs_12_4444693	12	4.4-4.5(Mb)	4444693	沙培；土培	[24]
rs_12_6008455	12	6.0-7.8(Mb)	6008455	沙培	[24]
rs_12_14155486	12	13.3-15.0(Mb)	14155486	沙培；土培	[24]
qML0cm1-1	1	3367116-3369190	3367620	沙培	[17]
qML0cm1-2	1	20187947-20450860	20428067	沙培	[17]
qML0cm1-3	1	21235617-21374308	21262517	沙培	[17]
qML0cm4	4	12282346-12608060	12564720	沙培	[17]
qML0cm8	8	25698355-25907410	25734002	沙培	[17]
qML0cm10-1	10	740038-973711	900601	沙培	[17]
qML0cm10-2	10	4869932-5749028	4870945	沙培	[17]
qML0cm11	11	18397553-18770845	18770845	沙培	[17]
qML4cm6	6	27616763-27914235	27888918	沙培	[17]
qML4cm7	7	20901763-21225670	20969316	沙培	[17]
qML4cm8	8	15614897-15657660	15657660	沙培	[17]
qML4cm9	9	14103295-14346305	14148334	沙培	[17]
qML6cm1-1	1	1658227-1705100	1689754	沙培	[17]
qML6cm1-2	1	14641013-14788294	14687253	沙培	[17]
qML6cm1-3	1	41147318-41209515	41198988	沙培	[17]
qML6cm6-1	6	6610901-8298243	8002526	沙培	[17]
qML6cm6-2	6	27582320-28071845	27896820	沙培	[17]
qML6cm7-1	7	13542398-14680557	14520031	沙培	[17]
qML6cm7-2	7	20873583-21154775	21065064	沙培	[17]
qML6cm9	9	14033937-14346305	14109457	沙培	[17]
qML6cm12-1	12	2093651-2577137	2093651	沙培	[17]
qML6cm12-2	12	23875125-25458680	25450383	沙培	[17]
qML-AUS-1.1	1	16.03-17.82(Mb)	17551160	土培	[19]
qML-XI-1A-8.1	8	8.98-9.38(Mb)	8982811	土培	[19]
qML-XI-1A-9.1	9	14.52-14.58(Mb)	14572632	土培	[19]
qML-XI-1A-12.1	12	5.58-5.76(Mb)	5716291	土培	[19]
qML-AUS-12.1	12	18.29-18.50(Mb)	18365206	土培	[19]
qML1-1	1	9.49(Mb)	-	琼脂	[25]
qML1-2	1	30.57(Mb)	-	琼脂	[25]
qML2	2	22.97(Mb)	-	琼脂	[25]
qML3-1	3	5.97(Mb)	-	琼脂	[25]
qML3-2	3	24.64(Mb)	-	琼脂	[25]
qML4	4	4.25(Mb)	-	琼脂	[25]
qML5-1	5	1.38(Mb)	-	琼脂	[25]
qML5-2	5	18.55(Mb)	-	琼脂	[25]
qML6	6	15.32(Mb)	-	琼脂	[25]
qML8	8	2.07(Mb)	-	琼脂	[25]
qML11	11	16.48(Mb)	-	琼脂	[25]
qML1.1	1	20298392	20298392	土培	[26]
qML2.1	2	12364944	12364944	土培	[26]
qML3.1	3	20760246	20760246	土培	[26]
qML3.2	3	32893886	32893886	土培	[26]
qML8.1	8	8059733	8059733	土培	[26]
qML9.1	9	15975605	15975605	土培	[26]
qML11.1	11	2175437	2175437	土培	[26]

Supplementary Table 2

Supplementary Table 3

Mesocotyl elongation candidate genes"

候选基因	物理位置(bp)	注释信息	参考文献
LOC_Os01g32940	18079428-18080300	Hypothetical protein	[27]
LOC_Os01g36020	19929043-19931949	Retrotransposon protein putative, unclassified, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os01g50970	29285372-29288718	Expressed protein	[27]
LOC_Os01g50980	29290326-29295442	Cullin, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os01g50990	29298041-29299464	FBD domain containing protein, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os01g71410	41375172-41376297	Glycosyl hydrolases family 17, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os01g44130	25291338-25298072	Aspartic proteinase oryzasin-1 precursor, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g06070	3039736-3045376	La domain containing protein, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g06139	3075919-3085989	ABC-2 type transporter domain containing protein, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g39790	22135801-22138216	Retrotransposon protein putative, unclassified, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g40040	22243187-22244649	Expressed protein	[27]
LOC_Os03g40110	22285683-22292562	Nop14-like family protein, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g40194	22347660-22351524	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 1, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g40390	22443273-22445121	Expressed protein	[27]
LOC_Os03g40084	22268809-22270021	Expressed protein	[27]
LOC_Os01g71410	41375172-41376297	Glycosyl hydrolases family 17, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os01g44130	25291338-25298072	Aspartic proteinase oryzasin-1 precursor, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g06070	3039736-3045376	La domain containing protein, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g06139	3075919-3085989	ABC-2 type transporter domain containing protein, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g39790	22135801-22138216	Retrotransposon protein putative, unclassified, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g40040	22243187-22244649	Expressed protein	[27]
LOC_Os03g40110	22285683-22292562	Nop14-like family protein, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g40194	22347660-22351524	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 1, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os03g40390	22443273-22445121	Expressed protein	[27]
LOC_Os03g40084	22268809-22270021	Expressed protein	[27]
OsGRF3(LOC_Os04g51190)	30317702-30321649	Growth-regulating factor	[27]
LOC_Os04g51600	30570016-30571716	Expressed protein	[27]
LOC_Os04g16350	8885859-8888963	Retrotransposon protein putative, unclassified, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os04g17840	9781331-9786839	Retrotransposon protein putative, unclassified, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os04g19900	11096093-11100948	Retrotransposon protein putative, Ty3-gypsy subclass, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os04g51390	30433199-30438364	Aldose 1-epimerase, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os05g27650	16093366-16103367	Transposon protein, putative, CACTA En/Spm sub-class, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os05g28090	16421495-16423221	Expressed protein	[27]
LOC_Os05g27720	16141193-16145937	Transposon protein, putative, CACTA En/Spm sub-class, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os05g27740	16156427-16159660	Expressed protein	[27]
LOC_Os05g27790	16184117-16186813	Membrane associated DUF588 domain containing protein, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os05g39530	23196134-23201465	Ribonuclease P family protein, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os06g44070	26581702-26583748	Retrotransposon protein putative, unclassified, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os06g44080	26585560-26588132	Ubiquitin family protein, putative, expressed	[27,28]
LOC_Os06g43690	26303837-26312412	WD repeat-containing protein, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os08g41180	26015092-26016312	MBTB31-Bric-a-Brac Tramtrack, Broad Complex BTB domain with Meprin and TRAF Homology MATH domain, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os09g11380	6327584-6336208	Expressed protein	[27]
LOC_Os09g12000	6759298-6760348	Hypothetical protein	[27]
LOC_Os10g20860	10570876-10573989	Protease inhibitor/seed storage/LTP family, putative, expressed	[27]
LOC_Os11g47590	28755786-28757160	Glycosyl hydrolase, putative, expressed	[27]
d18; sGA3ox2(LOC_Os01g08220)	4003659-4004946	Gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase 2-2, putative	[28]
LOC_Os01g08280	4059510-4063190	Expressed protein	[28]
OsAA1;OsIAA4(LOC_Os01g08320)	4073676-4076438	Aux/IAA gene	[28]
LOC_Os03g62300	35291645-35299696	Expressed protein	[28]
LOC_Os06g09000	4534690-4535053	Expressed protein	[28]
LOC_Os08g15296	9271631-9272579	Photosystem II reaction center protein H, putative, expressed	[28,29]
LOC_Os11g40760	24382955-24384066	Expressed protein	[28]
LOC_Os11g40674	:24273616-24274255	Expressed protein	[28]
OsARF25;OsARF6b(LOC_Os12g41950)	26002359-26008415	Auxin response factor	[28]
LOC_Os12g42240	26203765-26204121	Expressed protein	[28]
LOC_Os02g07480	3855934-3863872	Transglycosylase SLT domain containing protein, expressed	[21]
LOC_Os03g51340	29376077-29378021	Expressed protein	[21]
OsML1(LOC_Os03g53320)	30602885-30603235	Mesocotyl length	[21]
OsHsfA2a(LOC_Os03g53340)	30604067-30607152	Heat shock transcription factors	[21]
LOC_Os04g58590	34832040-34837343	RNA recognition motif containing protein, putative, expressed	[21]
LOC_Os07g22360	12551930-12552496	Expressed protein	[21]
LOC_Os07g23990	13589491-13604623	Tetratricopeptide repeat domain containing protein, putative, expressed	[21]
OsML2(LOC_Os07g24010)	13611075-13611539	Mesocotyl length	[21]
LOC_Os07g24170	13728678-13729382	Expressed protein	[21]
LOC_Os07g24190	13741284-13747256	CESA3 - cellulose synthase, expressed	[21]
LOC_Os07g25460	14574496-14580334	Ankyrin repeat domain containing protein, expressed	[21]
LOC_Os07g27610	16129694-16129954	Expressed protein	[21]
LOC_Os07g27630	16134832-16135465	Expressed protein	[21]
LOC_Os07g27680	16150946-16151880	Expressed protein	[21]
LOC_Os07g39660	23772512-23772784	Hypothetical protein	[21]
LOC_Os08g17350	10613092-10613674	Expressed protein	[21]
LOC_Os09g11800	6596786-6598134	Expressed protein	[21]
LOC_Os10g03730	1681080-1684278	OsFBX347 - F-box domain containing protein, expressed	[21]
LOC_Os10g03780	1707818-1715027	OsFBX351 - F-box domain containing protein, expressed	[21]
LOC_Os11g10920	6030542-6034441	Carboxyl-terminal proteinase, putative,expressed	[21]
LOC_Os11g10990	6064996-6066797	Heat shock protein DnaJ, putative, expressed	[21]
OsIAA18(LOC_Os05g44810)	26052916-26056268	Aux/IAA protein	[30]
OsEIN2L(LOC_Os03g49400)	28116620-28124217	Ethylene-insensitive protein, putative, expressed	[23]
OsTZF1(LOC_Os05g10670)	5846045-5848291	Tandem zinc finger protein	[24]
JMJ703(LOC_Os05g10770)	5940137-5946866	Histone H3K4 demethylase	[24]
LOC_Os09g03140	1503778-1505356	Cytokinin-O-glucosyltransferase 2, putative, expressed	[24]
OsYUC11(LOC_Os12g08780)	4515673-4517346	Flavin monooxygenase	[24]
OsNCED2; OsCCD4b(LOC_Os12g24800)	14232903-14234903	9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 1, chloroplast precursor, putative, expressed	[24]
LOC_Os06g45840	27734722-27740731	MYB family transcription factor, putative, expressed	[17]
OsMYB45; OsMPH1(LOC_Os06g45890)	27777556-27780778	MYB transcription factor	[17]
LOC_Os06g12410	6736053-6737803	GDSL-like lipase/acylhydrolase, putative, expressed	[17]
LOC_Os06g14630	8236902-8238699	GDSL-like lipase/acylhydrolase, putative, expressed	[17]
OsIAA30; qPH12(LOC_Os12g40890)	25310812-25316229	Primary auxin-responsive gene	[17]
OsIAA3; OsIAA31(LOC_Os12g40900)	25325549-25327567	Aux/IAA protein	[17]
LOC_Os04g21820	12364431-12369648	OsWAK33 - OsWAK receptor-like protein OsWAK-RLP, expressed	[17]
LOC_Os04g21790	12343326-12348644	OsWAK34 - OsWAK receptor-like protein kinase, expressed	[17]
LOC_Os10g02250	792759-799368	OsWAK95 - OsWAK receptor-like protein kinase, expressed	[17]
LOC_Os10g02276	816250-817203	OsWAK96 - OsWAK receptor-like protein kinase, expressed	[17]
LOC_Os10g02284	818700-821884	OsWAK97 - OsWAK receptor-like protein kinase, expressed	[17]
LOC_Os10g02360	848170-85043	OsWAK98 - OsWAK receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase OsWAK-RLCK, expressed	[17]
OsAPL1; OsAGPL1(LOC_Os03g52460)	30099369-30104596	AGP Large Subunit	[17]
LOC_Os03g52470	30109909-30114842	WD domain, G-beta repeat domain containing protein, expressed	[17]
LOC_Os03g52490	30119573-30123252	Nucleic acid binding protein, putative, expressed	[17]
CHR703(LOC_Os01g65850)	38228812-38237228	Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding protein	[18]
OsSWEET1a(LOC_Os01g65880)	38254049-38257687	Hexose transporter	[18]
LOC_Os01g65902	38271601-38272684	Apocytochrome f precursor, putative, expressed	[18]
LOC_Os01g65970	38291810-38292621	Transcription factor HBP-1b, putative, expressed	[18]
LOC_Os01g65986	38299999-38305642	DUF803 domain containing, putative, expressed	[18]
LOC_Os01g66000	38306156-38307729	NADH dehydrogenase I subunit N, putative, expressed	[18]
LOC_Os01g66010	38310583-38313631	Amino acid transporter, putative, expressed	[18]
LOC_Os01g66070	38344410-38344937	PHD-finger domain containing protein, putative	[18]
LOC_Os03g56050	31921933-31925513	AP2-like ethylene-responsive transcription factor AINTEGUMENTA, putative, expressed	[18]
LOC_Os03g57640	32851425-32852782	Gibberellin receptor GID1L2, putative, expressed	[18]
OsTIFY1b(LOC_Os03g52450)	:30094292-30099092	TIFY family genes	[18]
LOC_Os03g56060	31930541-31934624	CSLC9 - cellulose synthase-like family C, expressed	[18,19]
LOC_Os03g58290	33207531-33210400	Indole-3-glycerol phosphate lyase, chloroplast precursor, putative, expressed	[18]
LOC_Os03g58320	33226460-33228543	Indole-3-glycerol phosphate lyase, chloroplast precursor, putative, expressed	[18]
LOC_Os03g58300	33214533-33217418	Indole-3-glycerol phosphate lyase, chloroplast precursor, putative, expressed	[18]
LOC_Os01g13200	7352175-7357620	Abscisic acid insensitive 8, putative, expressed	[19]
LOC_Os04g33360	20200072-20201885	Gibberellin 2-beta-dioxygenase 7, putative, expressed	[19]
OsARF16(LOC_Os06g09660)	4926492-4932177	Auxin response factor	[19]
LOC_Os07g13634	7815442-7832311	Cytokinin-N-glucosyltransferase 1, putative, expressed	[19]
LOC_Os07g28060	16368462-16368840	Ethylene receptor, putative	[19]
OsDREB6(LOC_Os09g20350)	12216432-12218346	Dehydration response element binding protein	[19]
LOC_Os03g50540	28855620-28860136	2Fe-2S iron-sulfur cluster binding domain containing protein, expressed	[10]
qML3a(LOC_Os03g50550)	28861857-28862894	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase	[10]
LOC_Os03g50570	28875574-28880854	Expressed protein	[10]
LOC_Os03g50580	28882515-28882859	Expressed protein	[10]
LOC_Os03g50600	28896052-28896432	Expressed protein	[10]
LOC_Os03g50610	28900024-28900356	Expressed protein	[10]
LOC_Os03g50620	28901044-28906929	ATP binding protein, putative, expressed	[10]
LOC_Os03g50644	28916701-28917706	Expressed protein	[10]
LOC_Os03g50660	28927914-28929255	Transposon protein, putative, CACTA, En/Spm sub-class	[10]
LOC_Os03g50670	28931768-28940039	Retrotransposon protein, putative, Ty3-gypsy subclass, expressed	[10]
LOC_Os02g17680	10181426-10189201	Ethylene-responsive protein related, putative, expressed	[31]
LOC_Os04g56950	33950221-33952563	Jasmonate O-methyltransferase, putative, expressed	[31]

Supplementary Table 3

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材料数	来源/群体	类型	筛选条件(暗培养)	中胚轴长度 (cm)	参考文献
96	全球	水稻、陆稻	20℃~30℃，水培10天	0.12~1.61	[13]
1,500	中国、古巴、美国、韩国、巴西和菲律宾(国际水稻所)	籼稻、粳稻、爪哇稻、光身稻、香稻和旱稻	28℃，催芽后水培3天	0~1.90	[6]
109	中国	籼稻、粳稻和杂草稻	25℃，水培10天	0.13~2.45	[14]
57	水稻多样性研究集(RDRS)	籼稻、粳稻	30℃，琼脂培养基培养7天	0~4.60	[15]
270	中国微核心种质和节水抗旱稻 (WDR)	籼稻、粳稻	25℃，水培10天 20℃~31℃，5 cm沙培10天	0~5.05 0~2.05	[16]
375	全球水稻多样性微核心种质	籼稻、粳稻	28℃，催芽后10 cm淹水培养7天	0~1.54	[9]
208	中国和东南亚国家	籼稻、粳稻	30℃，4.8 cm水培10天 30℃，2、4和6 cm土培，发芽后再培养3天 30℃，6 cm沙培，发芽后再培养3天	0~3.57 0~4.51 0~5.03	[17]
318	中国、孟加拉国、印度和巴基斯坦	籼稻、粳稻	30℃/65%湿度，3.5 cm土培7~10天	0.14~4.42	[11]
294 312	水稻多样性群体(RDP) 重组自交系群体(RIL)	籼稻、粳稻籼稻	30℃，MS培养基培养7天 30℃，水培14天	0~19.00 1.00~9.00	[18]
543	中国、越南和日本	籼稻、粳稻	30℃，水培10天	0~1.88	[12]
184	全球	籼稻、粳稻	30℃/75%湿度，琼脂培养基培养7天	0~4.21	[10]
126	粳-粳重组自交系群体	粳稻	25℃~28℃，水培10天	0.18~2.30	[19]
469	全球	籼稻、粳稻	30℃，水培10天	0~5.22	[20]
63	非洲国家、日本、缅甸和中国(台湾省)	旱稻	30℃，水培10天 30℃，8 cm沙土培10天	0.20~1.20 0.15~4.40	[21]
510	全球	籼稻、粳稻	28℃，水培	0.08~4.95	[22]
621	水稻基因组计划	籼稻、粳稻	10 cm土培10天	0.10~6.19	[23]

Study on rice mesocotyl elongation: germplasm mining, genetic mechanism and breeding prospect

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基因	群体	定位方法	所在染色体	参考文献
qME1	Kasalath和日本晴构建的回交重组自交系	图位克隆	1	[10]
GY1	gy1突变体和TN1构建的F₂遗传分离群体	图位克隆	1	[46]
OsNPC6	日本晴	农杆菌转化法	1	[47]
OsPAO5	日本晴	CRISPR/Cas9系统	4	[8]
OsGSK2	非洲栽培稻CG14为供体亲本，粳稻WYJ为循环亲本的单片段代换系	GWAS	5	[22]
OsSMAX1	日本晴	CRISPR/Cas9系统	8	[48]
OsMYC2	‒	‒	10	[49]
OsMAP1	沈农265	CRISPR/Cas9系统	11	[40]
OsEIN2L	日本晴为供体亲本，珍汕97为轮回亲本的染色体片段代换系	图位克隆	3	[50]

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