RNA聚合酶II大亚基羧基末端结构域：简单重复不简单

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.24-200

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Hereditas(Beijing) ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12): 1028-1041.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-200

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The carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II large subunit: simple repeats are not simple

Qi Li(), Zhicheng Dong, Min Liu()

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China

Received:2024-07-01 Revised:2024-09-18 Online:2024-12-20 Published:2024-09-25
Contact: Min Liu E-mail:710545832@qq.com;minl@gzhu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270606)

Abstract

Abstract:

Transcription, as a crucial step in the transmission of genetic information, is completed by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. In eukaryotes, the transcription of protein-coding genes is completed by RNA polymerase II (Pol II). A distinctive feature of Pol II is the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of its largest subunit, RPB1, which is composed of a series of heptapeptide repeats that play a vital role in transcription. Here, we provide a comprehensive review and summary of the sequence characteristics and evolutionary trajectory of the eukaryotic RPB1 CTD, as well as its regulatory function within the transcription cycle. We particularly focus on the mechanisms by which the CTD participates in the regulation of transcription and co-transcriptional processing through post-translational modifications. This deepens our understanding of the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing gene transcription in eukaryotes and lays the groundwork for further investigation into the role of the RPB1 CTD.

Key words: RNA polymerase II, carboxy-terminal domain, transcription, phosphorylation, phase separation

Qi Li, Zhicheng Dong, Min Liu. The carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II large subunit: simple repeats are not simple[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2024, 46(12): 1028-1041.

Figures/Tables 3

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 1

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修饰位点	修饰酶	哺乳动物	酿酒酵母	拟南芥
Tyr1	激酶	c-Abl^[25]	Slt2^[26]
Tyr1	磷酸酶		Rtr1、Glc7^[27,28]
Ser2	激酶	CDK9、CDK11、CDK12、CDK13、BRD4、DYRK1A^{[29⇓⇓⇓~33]}	Bur1、Ctk1, Pho85, Cdc28^[34⇓~36]	CDKC;1、CDKC;2、CDKD;1、CDKD;2、CDKD;3^[37]
Ser2	磷酸酶	FCP1、CDC14^[38,39]	Fcp1、Cdc14^[35,39]	CPL1、CPL2、CPL4、CPL5、SSP4、SSP4B^[40⇓~42]
Thr4	激酶	CDK9、PLK3^[43,44]	Bur1、Pho85、Cdc28、Rim11、Cmk1、Cmk2、Sln1、Yck2、Hrr25、Yck3、Ssk2^[36]
Thr4	磷酸酶	FCP1^[45]	Fcp1^[46]
Ser5	激酶	CDK7、CDK8、CDK9、CDK12、CDK13、DYRK1A^{[31,33,47⇓~49]}	Kin28、Bur1、Srb10、Ctk1、Cdc28、Pho85^{[36,50⇓⇓~53]}	CDKD;1、CDKD;2、CDKD;3^[37,40]
Ser5	磷酸酶	SSU72、RPAP2、SCP1、SCP4、CDC14^{[39,51,54⇓~56]}	Rtr1、Ssu72、Cdc14^[39,57,58]	CPL1、CPL2、CPL4、SSP4, SSP4B、SSP5^[40,42]
Ser7	激酶	CDK7、CDK9^[59,60]	Kin28、Bur1、Ctk1^[51,59,61]	CDKF;1、CDKD;1、CDKD;2、CDKD;3^[37,40]
Ser7	磷酸酶	SSU72^[62]	Ssu72^[62]

The carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II large subunit: simple repeats are not simple

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