41个法庭科学Y-STR基因座的序列多态性特征分析与应用

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.25-152

遗传 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4): 355-376.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.25-152

41个法庭科学Y-STR基因座的序列多态性特征分析与应用

缪磊¹(), 张驰², 康克莱², 白雪², 郭柯利², 袁丽¹(), 王乐²()

¹ 证据科学教育部重点实验室(中国政法大学)，司法文明协同创新中心，北京 100088
² 公安部鉴定中心，法医遗传学公安部重点实验室，北京 100038

收稿日期:2025-07-17 修回日期:2025-09-30 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2025-10-10
通讯作者: 袁丽，博士，主任法医师，教授，研究方向：法医物证学鉴定、教学和研究。E-mail: yuanliwcy@126.com;
王乐，博士，警务技术正高级，研究方向：法医遗传学。E-mail: wangle_02@163.com
作者简介:缪磊，博士研究生，专业方向：证据法学(法医学方向)。E-mail: 947676188@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFC3341001);公安部科技强警基础工作专项(2023JC15);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(2024JB027);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(2024JB046);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助

Analysis and application of sequence polymorphism features of 41 forensic Y-chromosome short tandem repeat loci

Lei Miao¹(), Chi Zhang², Kelai Kang², Xue Bai², Keli Guo², Li Yuan¹(), Le Wang²()

¹ Key Laboratory of Evidence Science (China University of Political Science and Law), Ministry of Education, China & Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, Beijing 100088, China
² Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics of Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China

Received:2025-07-17 Revised:2025-09-30 Published:2026-04-20 Online:2025-10-10
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3341001);Ministry of Public Security of China(2023JC15);Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security of China(2024JB027);Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security of China(2024JB046);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Y染色体短串联重复(Y chromosome short tandem repeat，Y-STR)在法庭科学实战应用中具有举足轻重的地位，基于Y-STR的长度分型排查嫌疑人父系谱系的技术已在多起重特大刑事案件的侦破中发挥了至关重要的作用。但当遇到长度多态Y-STR单倍型相近或者相同的数据时，难以进行谱系的精细化区分。基于二代测序技术解析Y-STR的序列信息为解决上述困境带来了新的路径，并已成功应用于实际案例。然而，当前Y-STR序列特征的基础数据积累显著不足，序列多态性的研究也较为零散，缺乏对Y-STR序列变异的系统性总结，在一定程度上限制了Y-STR序列多态性在法庭科学的深度应用。本文基于文献公开数据，归纳在法庭科学中应用较广泛的41个Y-STR基因座重复区及侧翼区的序列特征，梳理Y-STR基因座重复区和侧翼区内可定义单倍群的单核苷酸多态性，并展望序列多态性可以拓展应用的场景，以期为利用Y-STR序列多态性精细化区分男性谱系、溯源父系生物地理祖先等研究提供参考。

关键词: 法医遗传学, Y染色体, STR, 序列多态性

Abstract:

Y chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) is an important genetic marker in forensic practices. Length-based Y-STR genotyping method has been used to screen paternal lineages and successfully solved many serious cases. However, it is hard to discriminate paternal lineages with similar or identical length-based Y-STR genotypes. Next-generation sequencing-based Y-STR genotyping method could be used to solve the problem, and already be applied to criminal scene investigations. Nevertheless, previously studied data were inadequate and scattered, and sequence features of Y-STR loci were insufficiently summarized, which hindered the deep forensic application of Y-STR loci. Here, we review the sequence features of repeat and flanking regions on 41 widely used forensic Y-STR loci based on public literature data. Furthermore, we identify haplogroup-associated Y chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms within these regions and explore potential applications of sequence-based polymorphisms. This review is expected to serve as a valuable reference for paternal lineage discrimination and paternal biogeographic ancestry inference using Y-STR sequence features.

Key words: forensic genetics, Y chromosome, short tandem repeat, sequence-based polymorphism

缪磊, 张驰, 康克莱, 白雪, 郭柯利, 袁丽, 王乐. 41个法庭科学Y-STR基因座的序列多态性特征分析与应用[J]. 遗传, 2026, 48(4): 355-376.

Lei Miao, Chi Zhang, Kelai Kang, Xue Bai, Keli Guo, Li Yuan, Le Wang. Analysis and application of sequence polymorphism features of 41 forensic Y-chromosome short tandem repeat loci[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2026, 48(4): 355-376.

图/表 5

图1

表1

41个Y-STR基因座的重复结构及已报道的重复区序列"

基因座	Y染色体上重复区物理位置(GRCh38)	重复结构^[41]	常见重复区序列	参考文献
DYS385a/b	18680632~18680687	[TTTC]_a	[TTTC]_7~24	[8,12,20,22]
	18639713~18639756		[TTTC]₂ CTTC[TTTC]₁₀	[10]
			[TTTC]₁₀T GTC[TTTC]₅	[10]
			[TTTC]_13,15TTT A[TTTC]₂	[21,35]
			[TTTC]_11,17 CCTT	[12,25]
			[TTTC]_13,14 CCTTCCTT	[25]
			[TTTC]₈ T[TTTC]₄	[26]
			[TTTC]₁₁ TT[TTTC]₂	[21]
DYS391	11982089~11982132	[TCTA]_a	[TCTA]_6~13	[8,25,26,36]
			[TCTA]_8~9 CCTA[TCTA]	[35,36]
			TCT G[TCTA]_9~10	[8,25]
			[TCTA]₈TCT G[TCTA]	[26]
DYS392	20471987~20472025	[ATA]_a	[ATA]_7~16	[8,12,13,33]
DYS392	20471987~20472025	[ATA]_a	[ATA]_10,12~13A AA	[10,23]
DYS393	3263111~3263158	[AGAT]_a	[AGAT]_10~16	[8,21,23]
DYS393	3263111~3263158	[AGAT]_a	CGAT[AGAT]_10~16	[12,20]
DYS438	12825889~12825948	[TTTTC]_a	[TTTTC]_6~14	[8,10,12,21,25]
			TTTT A[TTTTC]_7,9	[26,33]
			[TTTTC]TTTT A[TTTTC]_8~9	[8,12]
			[TTTTC]TTTT A[TTTTC]₃TTTT A[TTTTC]₄	[12]
DYS439	12403517~12403564	[GATA]_a	[GATA]_8~15	[7,8,12,13,16 24]
DYS456	4402919~4402978	[AGAT]_a	[AGAT]_12~19	[8,21,26]
DYS458	7999839~7999902	[GAAA]_a	[GAAA]_10,13~22	[8,21,30]
			[GAAA]₁₁ TAAA[GAAA]₈	[8]
			[GAAA]_13~19G GAA	[8,21,33]
			[GAAA]_10,13G GAA[GAAA]_1,6	[21,33]
			[GAAA]₁₃G GAAG GAA	[21]
			GAA G[GAAA]_18~22	[8,12]
			GAA GGAA G[GAAA]_18~19	[12]
			[GAAA]_14~17 AA[GAAA]_2~3	[7,21,25,35]
			[GAAA]₂ AA[GAAA]₁₄	[33]
DYS481	8558337~8558402	[CTT]_a	[CTT]_17~32	[8,13,21,22,25 33]
			CT G[CTT]_18~30	[8,12,21,25,26]
			CT GCT G[CTT]_19~21,24~25	[25,26]
			[CTT]₂₁C CT[CTT]₂	[23]
			CT G[CTT]₃C CT[CTT]₂₄	[25]
DYS533	16281349~16281396	[TATC]_a	[TATC]_9~15	[8,12,13,20,25]
			[TATC]₇T GTC[TATC]₃	[25]
			[TATC]TAT A[TATC]₉	[12]
DYS576	7185318~7185385	[AAAG]_a	[AAAG]_11~22	[8,12,21,30,33]
			[AAAG]₁₆ GAAG[AAAG]₄	[33]
			A[AAAG]₁₆	[21]
Y-GATA-H4	16631673~16631720	[TCTA]_a	[TCTA]_8~15	[8,10,25]
			[TCTA]₇TC AA[TCTA]₃	[23]
			[TCTA]₈TCT G[TCTA]₃	[33]
DYS444	17114310~17114365	[TAGA]_a	[TAGA]_10~15	[8,12]
DYS444	17114310~17114365	[TAGA]_a	[TAGA]₂TA TA[TAGA]₁₃	[8]
DYS460	18888956~18888995	[CTAT]_a	[CTAT]_7~13	[8,33]
			[CTAT]₁₀ GTAT	[12]
			[CTAT]₈ GTAT[CTAT]	[10]
DYS549	19358338~19358389	[GATA]_a	[GATA]_9~16	[8,12]
			[GATA]₁₃GAT C	[36]
			[GATA]₅GAT C[GATA]₇	[36]
DYS557	21072826~21072889	[TTTC]_a	[TTTC]_12~21	[8,12]
DYS570	6993190~6993257	[TTTC]_a	[TTTC]_12~23	[8,12,33]
			T CTC[TTTC]₁₄	[33]
			[TTTC]₁₅ CTTC[TTTC]	[25]
			[TTTC]₅T CTC[TTTC]_13,15~17	[21,25,26]
			TT CC[TTTC]_16~21	[10,21,25,26,33]
			[TTTC]₁₅TT CC[TTTC]₃	[10]
			[TTTC]₂₀TT CC	[7]
			[TTTC]₉TTT G[TTTC]₇	[21]
			[TTTC]TTT A[TTTC]₁₈	[10]
DYS643	15314132~15314186	[CTTTT]_a	[CTTTT]_7~17	[8,12]
			[CTTTT]_5,8CTTT A[CTTTT]_1,6	[27]
			[CTTTT]₄CTTT C[CTTTT]₆	[33]
			[CTTTT]₈ C[CTTTT]₃	[33]
DYS388	12635604~12635639	[AAT]_a	[AAT]_10~15	[8,12]
DYF404S1a/b	23807934~23807997	[TTTC]_a	[TTTC]_9~19	[8,12,21]
	25862092~25862147		[TTTC]_9~19	[8,12,21]
			TT[TTTC]₁₄	[7]
			[TTTC]_11,12,14 TT[TTTC]₂	[12,21]
DYS522	7547585~7547624	[ATAG]_a	[ATAG]_8~15	[8,14,15,33]
DYS522	7547585~7547624	[ATAG]_a	[ATAG]₉A CAG	[33]
DYS645	21166022~21166061	[TGTTT]_a	[TGTTT]_7~10	[7,8,12]
DYS389-I	12500448~12500495	[TAGA]_a[CAGA]_b	[TAGA]_6~13[CAGA]_2~4	[8,12,13,21,26 36]
DYS437	12346267~12346326	[TCTA]_a[TCTG]_b[TCTA]_c	[TCTA]_7~11[TCTG]_1~4[TCTA]₄	[8,10,12,21,33]
			[TCTA]₄ GCTA[TCTA]₄[TCTG]₂[TCTA]₄	[33]
			TCT G[TCTA]₈[TCTG]₂[TCTA]₄	[25]
			[TCTA]_4~6TCT G[TCTA]_2~3[TCTG]₂[TCTA]₄	[25,33]
			[TCTA]₈[TCTG]CCTG[TCTA]₄	[10]
			[TCTA]_7,10~11[TCTG]₂[TCTA]₄TCT G	[14]
			[TCTA]₁₀[TCTG]₂[TCTA]₂TCT G[TCTA]	[33]
DYS635	12258860~12258951	[TAGA]_a[TACA]_b[TAGA]_c[TACA]_d[TAGA]_e[TACA]_f[TAGA]_g	[TAGA]_7~16[TACA]_1~4[TAGA]₂[TACA]₂[TAGA]_4~5	[8,10~12,15,23,25,29,33,35,36]
			[TAGA]_6~13[TACA]_1~3[TAGA]₂[TACA]₂[TAGA]₂[TACA]₂[TAGA]₄	[8,12,13,25,26 33]
			[TAGA]_8~9 CAGA[TAGA][TACA]₂[TAGA]₂[TACA]₂[TAGA]₄	[25]
			[TAGA]₂ TGA[TAGA]₅[TACA]₂[TAGA]₂[TACA]₂[TAGA]₂[TACA]₂[TAGA]₄	[25]
			[TAGA]₁₁[TACA]₂[TAGA]₂[TACA]₂[TAGA]₂ AAGA [TAGA]	[42]
DYS527a/b	23739648~23739735	[GAAA]_a[GGAA]_b	[GAAA]_10~22[GGAA]_3~9	[8,12]
	25930349~25930428		[GAAA]_10~22[GGAA]_3~9	[8,12]
			[GAAA]₃ A[GAAA]₁₁[GGAA]₇	[8]
			[GAAA]₅[GGAA]A[GAAA]₈[GGAA]₇	[12]
DYS596	8519499~8519594	[GGA]_a[GTA]_b[GGA]_c[GAA]_d[(GGA)(GAA)]_e	[GGA]₅[GTA][GGA]₃[GAA]₃[(GGA)(GAA)]_8~12	[8,12]
DYS627	8781972~8782055	[AGAG]_a[AAAG]_b	[AGAG]_2~4[AAAG]_12~23	[8,21]
			[AGAG]₃[AAAG]₇ TAAG[AAAG]₁₀	[8]
			[AGAG]_2~3 AG[AAAG]_17~19	[12,21]
			[AGAG]₃[AAAG]₄ AA[AAAG]₁₀	[8]
DYS19	9684380~9684443	[TCTA]_aCCTA[TCTA]_b	[TCTA]_8~16CCTA[TCTA]_2~3	[8,10,16,23,25 33]
			[TCTA]₁₃	[25]
			[TCTA]₁₃C TTA[TCTA]₃	[23]
DYS389-II	12500448~12500611	[TAGA]_a[CAGA]_bN₄₈[TAGA]_c[CAGA]_d	[TAGA]_6~13[CAGA]_2~4N₄₈[TAGA]_8~15[CAGA]_3~7	[8,10,12,13,16 36]
			[TAGA]₁₁[CAGA]₃N₄₈[TAGA]₉TAG G[TAGA]₃[CAGA]₄	[23]
			[TAGA]_9~11[CAGA]₃N₄₈[TAGA]_10~12[CAGA]_3~5CA CA	[25,43~45]
			[TAGA]_9~11[CAGA]₃N₄₈[TAGA]_11~13 CAGA TAGA [CAGA]₅	[25,36]
			[TAGA]₁₀[CAGA]₃N₁₁ GN₃₆[TAGA]₁₂[CAGA]₅	[24]
			[TAGA]₉[CAGA]₃N₃₆ CN₁₁[TAGA]₁₂[CAGA]₅	[26]
DYS390	15163067~15163162	[TAGA]_aCAGA[TAGA]_b[CAGA]_c	[TAGA]_2~5CAGA[TAGA]_7~14[CAGA]_4~10	[8,10,12,13,20 33]
			[TAGA]_11,13~16[CAGA]₈	[15,21,23,25,33]
			[TAGA]₄CAGA CAGA[TAGA]₁₂[CAGA]₈	[12]
			[TAGA]₄CAGATA TA[TAGA]₇[CAGA]₈	[33]
			[TAGA]₄CAGA[TAGA]₂TAG T[TAGA]₅[CAGA]₈	[33]
			[TAGA]₄CAGA[TAGA]_10~12[CAGA]_7~8 TAGA	[10,25,33]
DYS448	22218923~22219078	[AGAGAT]_aN₄₂[AGAGAT]_b	[AGAGAT]_5~15N₄₂[AGAGAT]_6~11	[8,12,23,25,26,33]
			TGAGAT[AGAGAT]₁₁N₄₂[AGAGAT]₈	[10]
			[AGAGAT]₈A AAGAT[AGAGAT]₂N₄₂[AGAGAT]₈	[10]
			[AGAGAT]AG TGAT[AGAGAT]₁₀N₄₂[AGAGAT]₈	[21]
			AGAGA C[AGAGAT]₉N₄₂[AGAGAT]₈	[16]
			[AGAGAT]₂AGAGA C[AGAGAT]₉N₄₂[AGAGAT]₉	[33]
			[AGAGAT]₉ AGN₄₂[AGAGAT]₈	[33]
			[AGAGAT]₃ AGAT[AGAGAT]₉N₄₂[AGAGAT]₈	[25]
			[AGAGAT]₁₂N₄₂[AGAGAT]AGA AAT[AGAGAT]₇	[8]
			[AGAGAT]₁₁N₄₂[AGAGAT]₄ GAGAT[AGAGAT]₃	[33]
			[AGAGAT]_11,13 N ₃₆[AGAGAT]₈^*	[13,33]
			[AGAGAT]₁₂ N ₃₆[AGAGAT]₉^**	[33]
			[AGAGAT]₁₂ N ₃₆[AGAGAT]₉^***	[7]
			[AGAGAT]_10,11 N ₃₈[AGAGAT]₉^****	[8,10]
			[AGAGAT]_9,11,13A GN₄₀[AGAGAT]₈	[8,12,23,33]
			[AGAGAT]₁₁N₁₈ CN₂₃[AGAGAT]₈	[26]
			[AGAGAT]₁₁N₃₁ CN₁₀[AGAGAT]₉	[3]
			[AGAGAT]₁₁N₄₁ T[AGAGAT]₃	[33]
DYF387S1a/b	23785361~23785500	[AAAG]_aGTAG[GAAG]_b[AAAG]_cGAAG[AAAG]_d[GAAG]_e[AAAG]_f	[AAAG]₃GTAG[GAAG]_3~4[AAAG]₂GAAG[AAAG]_1~3[GAAG]_5~13[AAAG]_10~19	[8,10,12,14~16,21,24]
	25884581~25884724			[8,10,12,14~16,21,24]
	25884581~25884724		[AAAG]₃[GAAG]₅[AAAG]₂GAAG[AAAG]_1~2[GAAG]_11~12[AAAG]_15,17	[12]
			A[AAAG]₃GTAG[GAAG]₄[AAAG]₂GAAG[AAAG]₂[GAAG]₉[AAAG]₁₄	[21]
			[AAAG]₃GTAG[GAAG]₄[AAAG]₂GAAG[AAAG]AA [AAAG][GAAG]₁₁[AAAG]₁₆	[21]
			[AAAG]₃GTAG[GAAG]₄[AAAG]₂GAAG[AAAG]₂[GAAG]₁₁[AAAG]₂ AG[AAAG]₁₁	[12]
DYS447	13166826~13166950	[TTATA]_aTTATT[TTATA]_bTTATT[TTATA]_c	[TTATA]_6~10TTATT[TTATA]_6~13TTATT[TTATA]_6~11	[8,12,22]
			[TTATA]_8,11TTATT[TTATA]_7,12	[12]
			[TTATA]₆TTATT[TTATA]₁₁TTATT TTATT[TTATA]₈	[8]
DYS449	8349973~8350138	[TTTC]_aN₅₀[TTTC]_b	[TTTC]_11~18N₅₀[TTTC]_11~22	[8,12,21,22,31]
			CTTC[TTTC]₁₅N₅₀[TTTC]₁₅	[21]
			[TTTC]₉ CTTC[TTTC]₇N₅₀[TTTC]₁₈	[8]
			[TTTC]₂T ATC[TTTC]₁₂N₅₀[TTTC]₁₆	[21]
			[TTTC]₁₄T CTCN₅₀[TTTC]₁₄	[21]
			[TTTC]₅T CTC[TTTC]₁₂N₅₀[TTTC]₁₈	[22]
			T CTC[TTTC]₁₅N₅₀[TTTC]₁₃	[8]
			[TTTC]₈ TT[TTTC]₆N₅₀[TTTC]₁₅	[12]
			[TTTC]₁₆N₅₀[TTTC]₁₀ TT[TTTC]₄	[21]
DYS518	15207988~15208145	[AAAG]_aGAAG[AAAG]_bGGAG[AAAG]_cGAAGAG [AAAG]_d	[AAAG]₃GAAG[AAAG]_10~21GGAG[AAAG]_3~4GAAGAG [AAAG]_10~19	[8,12,21,22,31]
			[AAAG]₁₆GGAG[AAAG]₄GAAGAG[AAAG]₁₅	[12]
			[AAAG]₁₇GGAG[AAAG]₄GAAGAG[AAAG]₁₃ GAAG	[8]
			[AAAG]₃GAAG[AAAG]_15~16GGAG[AAAG]₄GAAGAG [AAAG]_11,12,14 GAAG	[8,12,21]
			[AAAG]₃GAAG[AAAG]₁₆GGAG[AAAG]₄GAAGAG [AAAG]₁₂ GAAG GAAG	[21]
			[AAAG]₃GAAG[AAAG]₁₆GGAG[AAAG]₄GAAGAG [AAAG]₂AAA A[AAAG]₁₀	[21]
			[AAAG]₃GAAG[AAAG]₂ AA[AAAG]_12~14GGAG[AAAG]₄ GAAGAG[AAAG]_12~14	[8,12,21]
			[AAAG]₃ GAAG[AAAG]₁₈GAAGAG[AAAG]₁₅	[21]
DYS593	16473883~16473956	[AAAAC]_aAAAAT[AAAAC]_b[AAAAT]_c	[AAAAC]₂AAAAT[AAAAC]₄[AAAAT]_7~12	[7,8,12,32]

表1

图2

表2

41个Y-STR重复区及其上下游200 bp范围内与单倍群相关的位点"

基因座	Y染色体上物理位置(GRCh38)	相对重复区的位置(bp)	标记名称	单倍群	变异	rs号
DYS19	9684623	+180	Z18538	D1a2a1a3~	A>C	/
DYS389-I/II	12500272	-176	CTS2995/M8749	B2~	C>A	rs111696152
	12500532	+37^*	A6559/Y16707	I1a2b3a1b1~	T>C	/
	12500588	+93^*	A4862	A00	T>C	rs9786604
	12500592	+97^*	M2176	D1a2a1c1a1b1~	C>T	rs200724135
DYS390	15162929	-138	L909	R1b1a1b1a1a2c1a2~	G>A	/
	15163163	+1	L594	R1b1a1b1a1a2b1~	T>C	rs758940870
	15163167	+5	CTS7083/L664/S298	R1a1a1a1	T>G	rs766823340
	15163182	+20	Z19037	H2a1a1a~	G>A	/
	15163295	+133	CTS7084	E1a2a1b1~	A>C	rs779422325
DYS391	11981948	-141	ZS6612	J1a2a1b1a~	C>T	/
	11982182	+50	CTS1866/M8738	B2~	C>A	rs112815242
	11982219	+87	CTS1867/M5443/PF1624	E1b1~	C>G	rs73620086
	11982273	+141	F11313	C2a1a3a6b1~	T>G	/
DYS392	20472205	+180	NIST1/Y12381	G2a2b2a1a1a1b1	G>C	rs941310787
DYS393	3262951	-160	FT165447	G2a2b1b1a1b1d1b~	C>G	/
DYS437	12346247	-20	YP667	R1a1a1b2a2b2a~	G>A	/
	12346264	-3	M4790	E1b1a	C>T	rs9786886
	12346376	+50	Z15223	E1a2a2	T>C	rs758953715
	12346410	+84	BY50200	I2a1b2a1a1	T>C	/
	12346449	+123	BY32476	R1a1a1b1a2b3a3a2d~	C>T	/
DYS438	12825765	-124	M7968	B2b1a1c2~	A>G	rs369247501
	12825898	IN	F11559	C2a	C>A	rs2148290541
	12825989	+41	BY211512	D2	T>C	/
	12825903	IN	L1229	I2a1b1a1b1	C>A	rs866931087
	12825955	+7	L255	J1	A>C	rs760613324
DYS439	12403455	-62	L1/S26	R1b1a1b1a1a1c1a2a	C>T	rs750746218
	12403651	+87	L746/S310	R1b1a1b1a1a2c1a1d1a	C>T	rs1251579421
	12403673	+109	Z5894	N1a1a1a1a2a1a1a1b1b~	G>A	rs768091692
DYS448	22218752	-171	Z5045	N~	G>C	rs947307733
DYS456	4402761	-158	Y148203/ZQ363	C2a1a3a6a	A>G	/
DYS481	8558280	-57	L417/S332	I2b	T>C	rs867108134
	8558321	-16	L266/PF6108	R2	G>A	rs368663163
	8558414	+12	FGC22049	I1a1b1a1e2d3~	G>A	rs1301469216
DYS533	16281279	-70	Z5606	B3~	C>A	rs997776572
DYS533	16281307	-42	Z21886	E1b1a1a1a2a1a3b1a12	C>G	/
DYS576	7185144	-174	M2716	H1a1a4b	C>A	rs564333556
	7185531	+146	FGC12290	R1b1a1b1a1a2c1a4b2a1b	G>A	rs985272522
	7185535	+150	Z30903	M1	C>T	/
	7185577	+192	CTS863/M1067	Q1b	T>C	rs533270637
DYS635	12258794	-66	FGC15938/Y6095	J1a2a1a2d2b2b2c4b2b~	A>C	rs767163356
	12259088	+137	CTS2593/M3521/PF2947	G2	C>A	rs571459235
	12259148	+197	PF6908	I2a2a2a1a~	C>T	/
Y-GATA-H4	16631756	+36	Y15322/Z34275	D1a1b1a	A>G	/
DYS444	17114537	+172	AM00760/Z33187	C1b1a2b	A>C	rs377741326
DYS444	17114550	+185	FGC16458/Y4616/Z18166	C2a	C>A	rs966666904
DYS449	8350318	+180	MF7253	O2a1b1a2a1a3a1b	G>A	/
DYS460	18889120	+125	S22509	I1a1b1a1e2a~	T>G	rs996177226
DYS518	15207837	-151	A8673	I1a2a1a1a1a1b2~	G>C	/
	15207843	-145	Z6417	G2a2b2a1a1c1a1a3a~	C>T	/
	15207961	-27	Z42071	S1d	C>A	/
	15207976	-12	Y18222	Q1b1a1b1a2~	T>G	/
DYS549	19358154	-184	M8467	B2b1a1~	G>T	rs377289496
	19358487	+98	FGC7345	G2a2b2b1a1b1a2	G>T	/
	19358532	+143	Z35436	G2a1a3a~	A>T	rs1052037290
DYS557	21072638	-188	FGC92075	G2a2b2b1b2c~	G>A	/
	21072966	+77	Y1571	CT	G>A	rs113094957
	21073003	+114	CTS11714/Z1697	E1b1a1a1a1c1a1a3a1c1b	C>A	/
	21073020	+131	BY196449	G2a2b2b1a2b~	G>T	/
DYS570	6993034	-156	L537/PF1507	E	G>A	rs9786374
	6993067	-123	FT52857	G2a2b2a4a3~	A>G	rs940797101
	6993388	+131	Z17878	G1b1	T>A	rs1019886325
DYS596	8519430	-69	FGC4411/Y14642	J1a2a1a2d2b2b2c4d2a2a4a3a1b~	G>A	rs866228777
	8519498	-1	M3481/PF2880	G	G>A	rs547817702
	8519779	+185	YP1545	R1a1a1b2a2a3b1a~	A>G	rs997182728
DYS627	8781866	-106	BY202840	C2b1b1b5~	A>T	/
DYS627	8781867	-105	Y17871	E1b1a2a~	G>C	/
DYS643	15314056	-76	FGC51456	R1b1a1b1a1a1c2b1b4a3a2	G>T	/
	15314156	IN	L936	Q1b2b1b2b2~	T>C	/
	15314236	+50	Y15373/Z34265	D1a1b1a	G>A	/
	15314237	+51	L143	E1b1b1a1b1a2a~	G>T	rs1030966993
DYS388	12635580	-24	Z27302	D1a1a1a1	G>A	/
DYS593	16473694	-189	YP1099	R1a1a1b1a2a2a~	C>T	rs937575049
DYS593	16474062	+106	BY201170	G2a2b2a4a1a1b2a~	T>C	/
DYS645	21165850	-172	Z38205	B2b1a2a~	C>A	rs367668646
DYS645	21166084	+23	M3423/PF3319	G2a2b1	G>A	rs575331280

表2

图3

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41个法庭科学Y-STR基因座的序列多态性特征分析与应用

Analysis and application of sequence polymorphism features of 41 forensic Y-chromosome short tandem repeat loci

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