类花生酸在昆虫免疫中的作用研究进展

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.24-282

遗传 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 636-649.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-282

类花生酸在昆虫免疫中的作用研究进展

赵益敏¹(), 李睿萱¹(), 秦子怡¹, 王勇¹^,²()

1.沈阳农业大学生物科学技术学院，沈阳 110866
2.辽宁省昆虫资源专业技术创新中心，沈阳 110866

收稿日期:2024-09-26 修回日期:2024-12-22 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-02-13
通讯作者: 王勇，博士，副教授，研究方向：昆虫免疫。E-mail: yongwang216@163.com
作者简介:赵益敏，硕士研究生，专业方向：动物学。E-mail: zhaoyimin19991007@163.com
李睿萱，硕士研究生，专业方向：动物学。E-mail: lirx0412@163.com
第一联系人：
赵益敏和李睿萱并列第一作者。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31902213);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-18);辽宁省科技重大专项(2024JH1/11700009)

Progress on the role of eicosanoids in insect immunity

Yimin Zhao¹(), Ruixuan Li¹(), Ziyi Qin¹, Yong Wang¹^,²()

1. College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
2. Insect Resource Innovation Center for Professional Technology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China

Received:2024-09-26 Revised:2024-12-22 Published:2025-06-20 Online:2025-02-13
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31902213);Earmarked Fund for China Agricultural Research System(CARS-18);Major Science and Technology Projects of Liaoning Province(2024JH1/11700009)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

类花生酸(eicosanoids)是由花生四烯酸通过环氧化酶或脂氧合酶代谢产生的C20不饱和脂肪酸氧化后的代谢物统称，主要包括前列腺素类、血栓素、环氧二十碳三烯酸类和白细胞三烯类等。类花生酸介导了昆虫体内多个生理过程，如马氏管和卵巢卵泡等组织的生长发育和细胞的免疫反应。类花生酸在调节昆虫血细胞清除细菌、真菌、寄生物及病毒等细胞免疫和体液免疫通路中发挥着重要作用。本文对类花生酸合成的途径、参与昆虫细胞免疫应答类型及类花生酸与体液免疫之间的联系和影响因素进行了综述，有助于明确其合成途径中的关键酶类及其抑制剂，了解类花生酸在昆虫免疫中的作用，为昆虫病原物与宿主之间的互作机制研究提供理论指导。

关键词: 类花生酸, 昆虫免疫, 花生四烯酸, 前列腺素, 免疫介质

Abstract:

Eicosanoids are synthesized from arachidonic acid, which are oxygenated metabolites of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids through cyclooxygenases (COXs) or lipoxygenases (LOXs). Eicosanoids include prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and leukotrienes (LTs), etc. Eicosanoids mediate a number of physiological processes in insects, such as Malpighian tubule and ovary development, or immune response. They play the important roles in regulating cellular immune processes to clear bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses by hemocytes and the humoral immune pathways. In this review, we summarize the pathways of eicosanoids synthesis, different types of insect immune response and relationship between eicosanoids and humoral immune system. Understanding the role of eicosanoids in insect immune system, and key enzymes or inhibitors in the pathway of eicosanoids synthesis, will provide theoretical guide for the research in pathogen and insects interaction.

Key words: eicosanoids, insect immunity, arachidonic acid, prostaglandins, immune mediators

赵益敏, 李睿萱, 秦子怡, 王勇. 类花生酸在昆虫免疫中的作用研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2025, 47(6): 636-649.

Yimin Zhao, Ruixuan Li, Ziyi Qin, Yong Wang. Progress on the role of eicosanoids in insect immunity[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2025, 47(6): 636-649.

图/表 3

图1

表1

常见的类花生酸种类及其结构"

通用名称	系统命名及NCBI化合物编号	参考文献
PGG₂(C₂₀H₃₂O₆)	(5Z,9α,11α,13E,15S)-9,11-Epidioxy-15-hydroperoxyprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid PubChem CID: 5280883	[38]
PGH₂(C₂₀H₃₂O₅)	(5Z,13E,15S)-9alpha,11alpha-epidioxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate PubChem CID: 445049	[39]
PGD₂(C₂₀H₃₂O₅)	(5Z,9α,13E,15S)-9,15-Dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid PubChem CID: 448457	[40]
PGJ₂(C₂₀H₃₀O₄)	(5Z,13E,15S)-15-hydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,9,13-trien-1-oic acid PubChem CID: 5280884	[41]
15-Deoxy-Δ^12,14-PGJ₂ (C₂₀H₂₈O₃)	(5Z,12E,14E)-11-oxoprosta-5,9,12,14-tetraen-1-oic acid PubChem CID: 5311211	[41]
PGE₂ (C₂₀H₃₂O₅)	(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11alpha,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate PubChem CID: 5280360	[42]
PGF_2α(C₂₀H₃₄O₅)	(5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha,15-Trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate PubChem CID: 5280363	[43]
PGA₂(C₂₀H₃₀O₄)	9-oxo-15S-hydroxy-prosta-5Z,10,13E-trien-1-oic acid PubChem CID: 5280880	[44]
PGB₂(C₂₀H₃₀O₄)	(5Z,13E,15S)-15-Hydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,8(12),13-trien-1-oic acid PubChem CID: 5280881	[45]
PGI₂(C₂₀H₃₂O₅)	(5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9alpha-Epoxy-11alpha,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate PubChem CID: 5282411	[46]
PGE₁(C₂₀H₃₄O₅)	(13E)-(15S)-11alpha,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate PubChem CID: 5280723	[44]
LTA₄(C₂₀H₃₀O₃)	(7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-(5S,6S)-5,6-Epoxyeicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid PubChem CID: 5280383	[47]
LTB₄(C₂₀H₃₂O₄)	(6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-(5S,12R)-5,12-Dihydroxyeicosa-6,8,10,14-tetraenoate PubChem CID: 5280492	[48]
LXA₄ (C₂₀H₃₂O₅)	(5S,6R,7E,9E,11Z,13E,15S)-5,6,15-Trihydroxy-7,9,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid PubChem CID: 5280914	[49]
LXB₄(C₂₀H₃₂O₅)	(5S,6E,8Z,10E,12E,14R,15S)-5,14,15-Trihydroxy-6,8,10,12-eicosatetraenoic acid PubChem CID: 5280915	[50]
5(S)-PHETE (C₂₀H₃₂O₄)	(5S,6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5-Hydroperoxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid PubChem CID: 5280778	[51]
5(S)-HETE (C₂₀H₃₂O₃)	(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-(5S)-5-Hydroxyicosa-6,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid PubChem CID: 5280733	[52]
5,6-EET (C₂₀H₃₂O₃)	(8Z,11Z,14Z)-5,6-Epoxyeicosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid PubChem CID: 5283202	[53]
8,9-EET (C₂₀H₃₂O₃)	(5Z,11Z,14Z)-8,9-Epoxyeicosa-5,11,14-trienoic acid PubChem CID: 5283203	[54]
Hepoxilin A₃(C₂₀H₃₂O₄)	(5Z,9E,14Z)-(11S,12S)-11,12-Epoxy-8-hydroxyeicosa-5,9,14-trienoic acid PubChem CID: 5283211	[55]
Hepoxilin B₃(C₂₀H₃₂O₄)	(5Z,8Z,14Z)-(11S,12S)-11,12-Epoxy-10-hydroxyeicosa-5,8,14-trienoic acid PubChem CID: 16759353	[56]
TXA₂(C₂₀H₃₂O₅)	(5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha-Epoxy-15-hydroxythromboxa-5,13-dienoate PubChem CID: 5280497	[57]
TXB₂(C₂₀H₃₄O₆)	(5Z)-7-[(2R,3S,4S)-Tetrahydro-4,6-dihydroxy-2-[(1E,3S)-3-hydroxy-1-octen- 1-yl]-2H-pyran-3-yl]-5-heptenoic acid PubChem CID: 5283137	[57]

表1

图2

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	赵耀, 赵福, 朱芬. 类花生酸在昆虫细胞免疫中的作用研究进展. 昆虫知识, 2010, 47 (3): 446-450.

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类花生酸在昆虫免疫中的作用研究进展

Progress on the role of eicosanoids in insect immunity

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