遗传 ›› 2004, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 859-864.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国地方鸡品种保种群微卫星多态性分析与分子标记档案的建立

高玉时1;杨 宁2;李慧芳1;王克华1;童海兵1   

  1. 1.中国农业科学院家禽研究所,江苏扬州 226003;2.中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100094
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2004-12-10 发布日期:2004-12-10

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Preserved Population ofNative Chicken Breeds by Microsatellitesand File Foundation of Markers

GAO Yu-Shi1;YANG Ning2; LI Hui-Fang1;WANG Ke-Hua1;TONG Hai-Bing1   

  1. 1.Institute of Poultry, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Yangzhou 225003, China;2.College of Animal Science and Technology, Chinese Agricultural University, Beijing 100094,China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2004-12-10 Published:2004-12-10

摘要: 利用20个微卫星标记对国家家禽品种资源基因库中保存的11个地方鸡品种保种群进行了遗传检测,计算各群体的等位基因频率、平均基因杂合度、平均多态信息含量及各群体间的遗传距离,并用类平均法进行聚类分析。研究结果表明:20个微卫星标记在11个地方鸡品种保种群共检测到176个等位基因,平均为8.8个,基因频率分布在0.013~0.838之间。检测到等位基因中,有45个等位基因为11个地方鸡品种所共有;11个地方鸡品种平均杂合度在0.6800~0.7432之间。其中藏鸡最高,为0.7432;狼山鸡最低,为0.6800;平均多态信息含量在0.6329~0.7023之间,均大于0.5,表现为高度多态性;11 个鸡品种聚为4类。丝羽乌骨鸡、茶花鸡、仙居鸡、藏鸡、萧山鸡聚为一类,鹿苑鸡、狼山鸡聚为一类,固始鸡、北京油鸡、大骨鸡聚为一类,河南斗鸡单独聚为一类;通过利用20个微卫星基因座检测不同世代群体中等位基因及其频率、群体基因平均杂合度和多态信息含量,建立地方鸡品种保种群微卫星标记档案,并分析世代间的差异,预期可以达到监测保种效果的目的。

关键词: 地方鸡品种, 微卫星, 杂合度, 基因频率, 保种群

Abstract: The genetic diversity (allele frequency, mean heterozygosity, mean polymorphic information content(PIC), and Nei genetic distances) of preserved population of 11 native chicken breeds was analyzed by 20 microsatellite markers with high polymorphism. The clustering dendrogram was obtained eventually based on Nei genetic distances of 20 microsatellite. The results showed that 176 alleles were detected of 20 microsatellite loci in 11 native chicken breeds, the average number of alleles of each loci was 8.8 and the range of allele frequencies was 0.013~0.838, and 11 native chicken breeds shared 45 alleles. The average heterozygosity of 20 microsatellite loci was 0.6800~0.7432, the heterozygosity of Zang chicken was the highest( 0.7432), and that of Langshang chicken was the lowest( 0.6800).The range of PIC of 20 microsatellite loci were 0.6329~0.7023, which is higher than 0.5 and highly polymorphic. By the results of UPGMA tree, four groups were formed from 11 chicken breeds, the first group was Silky, Chahua, Xianju, Zang and Xiaoshan chicken; the second group was Luyuan and Langshan chicken; the third group was Gushi, Fatty and Dagu chicken; and the fourth group was Henan game chicken. The effect of preserved breeds and the differences among generations can be tested by the file foundation of molecular markers, which contained allele frequency, mean heterzygosity, and mean PIC of 20 microsatellite loci in different generation populations.