时间生物学—2017年诺贝尔生理或医学奖解读

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.17-397

遗传 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 1-11.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.17-397

• 前沿聚焦 • 下一篇

时间生物学—2017年诺贝尔生理或医学奖解读

袁力,李艺柔,徐小冬

河北师范大学生命科学学院,石家庄 050024

收稿日期:2017-12-04 修回日期:2017-12-22 出版日期:2018-01-20 发布日期:2017-12-27
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(编号：31570285),教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(编号：NCET-13-0771),河北省教育厅研究生创新资助项目(编号：CXZZBS2017093)和河北师范大学大学生创新创业计划(编号：201710094011)资助

Chronobiology—2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Li Yuan,Yirou Li,Xiaodong Xu

Hebei Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050024, China

Received:2017-12-04 Revised:2017-12-22 Online:2018-01-20 Published:2017-12-27
Supported by:
[Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31570285), Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-13-0771), Graduate Student Innovation Fund of Hebei Province (No. CXZZBS2017093), and Hebei Normal University Undergraduate Student Training Grant (No. 201710094011)]

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

时间生物学主要研究生物节律的产生及生物钟的运行机制,2017年诺贝尔生理或医学奖的颁布再次引发人们对该领域诸多科学问题的高度关注。生物钟与日月运行引起的环境信号周期性保持同步,有利于生物节律的相位和组织稳态的精确维持。本文介绍了生物节律现象的早期研究及随后生物钟理论体系建立的发展简史,并结合2017年诺贝尔生理或医学奖的解读阐述了果蝇生物钟基因的发现与分子调控机理,进而简单归纳当前时间生物学领域的前沿科学问题,阐明生物钟研究的意义。

关键词: 时间生物学, 生物钟, 近日节律, 组织稳态, 环境适应性

Abstract:

Chronobiology is a field of biology that examines the generation of biological rhythms in various creatures and in many parts of body, and their adaptive fitness to solar- and lunar-related periodic phenomena. The synchronization of internal circadian clocks with external timing signals confers accurate phase response and tissue homeostasis. Herein we state a series of studies on circadian rhythms and introduce the brief history of chronobiology. We also present a detailed timeline of the discoveries on molecular mechanisms controlling circadian rhythm in Drosophila, which was awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The latest findings and new perspectives are further summarized to indicate the significance of circadian research.

Key words: chronobiology, biological clock, circadian rhythms, tissue homeostasis, fitness

袁力, 李艺柔, 徐小冬. 时间生物学—2017年诺贝尔生理或医学奖解读[J]. 遗传, 2018, 40(1): 1-11.

Li Yuan, Yirou Li, Xiaodong Xu. Chronobiology—2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2018, 40(1): 1-11.

参考文献

[1]	de Mairan J. Observation botanique. Hist Acad Roy Sci, 1729, 1729: 35-36.
[2]	Duhamel du Monceau H. La physique des arbres: ou il est traite de I'anatomie des plantes et de I'economie vegetale. Paris: H.L.Guerin & L.F.Delatour, 1758.
[3]	de Candolle AP. Physiologie Végétale, Ou Exposition Des Forces et Des Fonctions Vitales des Végétaux. Paris: Béchet Jeune, 1832.
[4]	Richter CP. A behavioristic study of the activity of the rat. Comp Psychol Monogr, 1922, 1(2): 56.
[5]	Richter CP. Inherent twenty-four hour and lunar clocks of a primate—the squirrel monkey. Commun Behav Biol, 1968, 1: 305-332.
[6]	Bunning E. The Physiological Clock: Endogenous Diurnal Rhythms and Biological Chronometry. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 1964.
[7]	Pohl R. Tagesrhythmus im phototaktischen Verhalten der Euglena gracilis. Z. Naturforsch. B Chem. Sci, 1948, 3(9- 10): 367-374.
[8]	Pittendrigh CS. On temperature independence in the clock system controlling emergence time inDrosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1954, 40(10): 1018-1029.
[9]	Pittendrigh CS. Circadian systems: entrainment. In: Aschoff J, ed. Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology. New York: University of California Press, 1981, 4: 95-124.
[10]	Lerner AB, Case JD, Takahashi Y, Lee TH, Mori W. Isolation of melatonin, the pineal gland factor that lightens melanocyteS1. J Am Chem Soc, 1958, 80(10): 2587.
[11]	Redman J, Armstrong S, Ng KT. Free-running activity rhythms in the rat: entrainment by melatonin. Science, 1983, 219(4588): 1089-1091.
[12]	Von Aschoff J, Wever R. Spontanperiodik des menschen bei ausschlu? aller zeitgeber. Naturwissenschaften, 1962, 49(15): 337-342.
[13]	Aschoff J. Circadian rhythms in man. Science, 1965, 148(3676): 1427-1432.
[14]	Carpenter GA, Grossberg S. A neural theory of circadian rhythms: aschoff's rule in diurnal and nocturnal mammals. Am J Physiol, 1984, 247(6 Pt 2): R1067-R1082.
[15]	Konopka RJ, Benzer S. Clock mutants ofDrosophila melanogaster. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1971, 68(9): 2112-2116.
[16]	Bruce VG. Mutants of the biological clock inChlamydomonas reinhardi. Genetics, 1972, 70(4): 537-548.
[17]	Feldman JF, Hoyle MN. Isolation of circadian clock mutants ofNeurospora crassa. Genetics, 1973, 75(4): 605-613.

编辑推荐

Metrics

www.chinagene.cn
备案号：京ICP备09063187号-4
总访问:,今日访问:,当前在线:

时间生物学—2017年诺贝尔生理或医学奖解读

Chronobiology—2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 8

编辑推荐

Metrics