TET蛋白的去甲基化机制及其在调控小鼠发育过程中的作用

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.2015.01.005

遗传 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 34-40.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.2015.01.005

TET蛋白的去甲基化机制及其在调控小鼠发育过程中的作用

贾振伟, 高树新, 张永春, 张显华

内蒙古民族大学动物科技学院,黄牛遗传繁育研究所,通辽 028043

收稿日期:2014-04-08 修回日期:2014-09-20 出版日期:2015-01-20 发布日期:2015-01-20
通讯作者: 张显华,教授,研究方向：配子与胚胎生物技术研究。E-mail: zxh7469@163.com E-mail:zxh7469@163.com
作者简介:贾振伟,博士,研究方向：配子与胚胎生物技术研究。E-mail: zhenwei1999@sina.com
基金资助:
内蒙古民族大学博士科研启动基金项目(编号：BS299)资助

Mechanisms of TET protein-mediated DNA demethylation and its role in the regulation of mouse development

Zhenwei Jia, Shuxin Gao, Yongchun Zhang, Xianhua Zhang

Institute of Yellow Cattle Genetics-Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China

Received:2014-04-08 Revised:2014-09-20 Online:2015-01-20 Published:2015-01-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： TET(Ten-eleven translocation)蛋白家族共有3个成员,分别为TET1、TET2和TET3,均属于α-酮戊二酸(α-KG)和Fe²⁺依赖的双加氧酶,可以将5-甲基胞嘧啶(5-methylcytosine, 5 mC)氧化为5-羟甲基胞嘧啶(5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5 hmC)、5-甲酰基胞嘧啶(5-formylcytosine, 5 fC)及5-羧基胞嘧啶(5-carboxylcytosine, 5 caC)。研究表明,TET蛋白通过不同机制以主动或被动的方式调控DNA去甲基化,且去甲基化的活性可能受其他因子的调控。TET蛋白广泛参与哺乳动物发育过程的调节,其中在原始生殖细胞的形成、胚胎发育、干细胞多能性及神经和脑发育等方面发挥了重要作用。TET蛋白生物功能的发现为表观遗传学研究开辟了全新的研究领域,而且相关研究结果对拓展生命科学研究具有重要意义。文章综述了TET蛋白家族的结构、去甲基化分子机制及在小鼠发育过程中的作用,为深入了解TET蛋白的功能提供理论基础。

关键词: TET蛋白, 去甲基化, 表观遗传, 小鼠发育

Abstract: TET (ten-eleven translocation) protein family includes three members TET1, TET2 and TET3, which belong to alpha-ketoglutaric acid ( α-KG )- and Fe²⁺-dependent dioxygenase superfamily, and have the capacity to convert 5-methylcytosine (5 mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5 hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5 fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5 caC). At present, growing lines of evidence indicate that TET proteins are involved in the control of active or passive DNA demethylation via different mechanisms; moreover, their activities may be regulated by some cellular factors. TET proteins play vital roles in modulating mammal development, including primordial germ cell formation, embryonic development, stem cells pluripotency, nerve and brain development, etc. The identification of biological roles of TET proteins will open a new field in epigenetic research, and these studies on TET proteins are of great significance to life science research. Here, we review TET proteins from their structure, molecular mechanisms of DNA demethylation and function in the regulation of mouse development, which may provide the basis for understanding the functions of TET proteins.

Key words: TET proteins, demethylation, epigenetics, mouse development

贾振伟, 高树新, 张永春, 张显华. TET蛋白的去甲基化机制及其在调控小鼠发育过程中的作用[J]. 遗传, 2015, 37(1): 34-40.

Zhenwei Jia, Shuxin Gao, Yongchun Zhang, Xianhua Zhang. Mechanisms of TET protein-mediated DNA demethylation and its role in the regulation of mouse development[J]. HEREDITAS(Beijing), 2015, 37(1): 34-40.

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TET蛋白的去甲基化机制及其在调控小鼠发育过程中的作用

Mechanisms of TET protein-mediated DNA demethylation and its role in the regulation of mouse development

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