表观遗传修饰在作物重要性状形成中的作用

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.21-170

遗传 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 858-879.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.21-170

表观遗传修饰在作物重要性状形成中的作用

王雅楠¹(), 徐涛²(), 王万鹏¹, 张庆祝^1,³(), 解莉楠^1,⁴()

1. 东北林业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨 150040
2. 东北林业大学,《林业研究(英文版)》编辑部,哈尔滨 150040
3. 东北林业大学,林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,哈尔滨 150040
4. 东北林业大学生命科学学院,东北盐碱植被恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2021-05-11 修回日期:2021-07-14 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-09-03
通讯作者: 张庆祝,解莉楠 E-mail:yn-wang@foxmail.com;tao.xv@nefu.edu.cn;qingzhu.zhang@nefu.edu.cn;linanxie@nefu.edu.cn
作者简介:王雅楠,本科,专业方向：生物科学。E-mail: yn-wang@foxmail.com|徐涛,博士,编辑,研究方向：植物遗传育种。E-mail: tao.xv@nefu.edu.cn
王雅楠和徐涛并列第一作者。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目编号(31871220);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目编号(CAFYBB2019ZY003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目编号(2572020DP01);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目编号(2572017DA06);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目编号(LH2021C005);黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目资助编号(201910225303)

Role of epigenetic modifications in the development of crops essential traits

Wang Ya'nan¹(), Tao Xu²(), Wanpeng Wang¹, Qingzhu Zhang^1,³(), Xie Li'nan^1,⁴()

1. College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
2. The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
4. Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2021-05-11 Revised:2021-07-14 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-09-03
Contact: Zhang Qingzhu,Xie Li'nan E-mail:yn-wang@foxmail.com;tao.xv@nefu.edu.cn;qingzhu.zhang@nefu.edu.cn;linanxie@nefu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China No(31871220);National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant of the Chinese Academy of Forestry No(CAFYBB2019ZY003);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities Nos(2572020DP01);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities Nos(2572017DA06);Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China No(LH2021C005);Heilongjiang Provincial Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Undergraduates No(201910225303)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

表观遗传修饰是指染色体DNA和组蛋白上的化学修饰,主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA。在不改变DNA序列的情况下,这些修饰可以通过改变染色质状态来影响遗传信息的表达,并具有可遗传性,对植物的生长发育具有重要的调控作用。当特定的表观遗传修饰发生改变时,农作物可以获得优异的表型、更强的环境适应性,因此人为改变表观遗传修饰有望获得更适于农业生产的优质种质资源。本文综述了植物表观遗传修饰的主要类型及其在作物重要性状的形成和环境胁迫响应中的相关研究进展,总结了表观遗传学应用于作物改良必须解决的主要问题,以期在表观遗传修饰层面为作物的育种改良提供新思路。

关键词: 表观遗传修饰, DNA甲基化, 组蛋白修饰, 作物性状

Abstract:

Epigenetic modification refers to the chemical modifications of chromosomal DNA and histones, mainly including DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs. Without altering the DNA sequence, these heritable modifications can affect gene expression profiles by changing the chromatin state and play an important role in regulating the growth and development of plants. When the specific epigenetic modifications are changed, crops can obtain excellent phenotypes and stronger environmental adaptability. Therefore, artificially changing the epigenetic modifications are expected to obtain high-quality germplasm resources more suitable for agricultural production. In this review, we summarize the main types of plant epigenetic modifications, highlight the research progresses of functional plant epigenetic modifications on the important traits and responses to environmental stress, and identify the main problems that need be solved in the application of epigenetics in crop improvement, thereby providing new insights for the functional epigenetic modifications on crop breeding and improvement.

Key words: epigenetic modifications, DNA methylation, histone modification, crop traits

王雅楠, 徐涛, 王万鹏, 张庆祝, 解莉楠. 表观遗传修饰在作物重要性状形成中的作用[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(9): 858-879.

Wang Ya'nan, Tao Xu, Wanpeng Wang, Qingzhu Zhang, Xie Li'nan. Role of epigenetic modifications in the development of crops essential traits[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2021, 43(9): 858-879.

图/表 2

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表观遗传修饰在作物重要性状形成中的作用

Role of epigenetic modifications in the development of crops essential traits

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