遗传 ›› 2010, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (10): 994-1002.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2010.00994

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

粪便RNA的检测在大肠癌早期诊断中的应用

乞宗泰1, 邓黎莉1, 黄欢2, 赵建华3, 周国华1,2   

  1. 1. 中国药科大学生命科学与技术学院, 南京 210009; 
    2. 华东医学生物技术研究所, 南京 210002; 
    3. 江苏省肿瘤医院, 南京 210000
  • 收稿日期:2010-03-23 修回日期:2010-04-23 出版日期:2010-10-20 发布日期:2010-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 周国华 E-mail:ghzhou@nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    南京市科技发展计划项目指令性计划(编号:200801087)资助

Advances in early diagnosis of colorectal cancer based on detection of RNAs in stool

QI Zong-Tai1, DENG Li-Li1, HUANG Huan2, ZHAO Jian-Hua3, ZHOU Guo-Hua1, 2   

  1. 1. College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
    2. Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing 210002, China;
     3. Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210000, China
  • Received:2010-03-23 Revised:2010-04-23 Online:2010-10-20 Published:2010-10-20
  • Contact: ZHOU Guo-Hua E-mail:ghzhou@nju.edu.cn

摘要: 大肠癌是胃肠道恶性肿瘤之一, 在我国大肠癌的发病率和死亡率呈上升趋势。由于死亡率与大肠癌的诊断时间密切相关,因此早期诊断大肠癌尤为重要。但是目前临床常规诊断方法存在一定的局限性, 难以实现大肠癌的早期诊断。粪便RNA检测技术是近年来发展的基于分子水平的早期无创检测大肠癌的技术, 与常规检测技术包括结肠镜检测、大便隐血检测和粪便DNA突变检测相比, 粪便RNA检测具有成本低和灵敏度高等优点, 并可同时分析多种基因表达量和动态监测肿瘤进展。文章介绍了粪便RNA检测的可行性, 系统阐述了用于粪便RNA检测的特异性基因、粪便RNA的提取方法和粪便RNA的检测技术, 并对粪便RNA检测技术在大肠癌早期诊断中的进一步应用进行了展望。

关键词: 大肠癌, 粪便RNA, 早期诊断

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant cancers in gastrointestinal tract. In China, there are increasing rates of morbidity and mortality for CRC. As the mortality is closely related to the stage of disease at time of diagnosis, early diagnosis of CRC is important. However, current techniques used for clinical diagnosis have limitations which made them difficult to achieve the early diagnosis. The detection of RNAs in stool is a newly developed noninvasive technique for early diagnosis of CRC at molecular levels. Compared with the techniques including colonoscopy, fecal occult-blood test and stool DNA-based mutation detection, diagnosis based on the detection of RNAs in stool has the advantages of low-cost and high sensitivity. Moreover, stool RNA-based techniques are able to analyze multiplexed gene expression simultaneously and monitor cancer progression dynamically. This paper introduced the feasibility of stool RNA analysis, and systematically reviewed the genes associated with stool RNA analysis, methods of RNA isolation from stool sample, and techniques for gene expression analysis in stool RNA. Finally, further applications of stool RNA-based techniques for early diagnosis of CRC were briefly discussed.

Key words: colorectal cancer, stool RNA, early diagnosis