遗传 ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 476-484.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2014.0476

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

表观遗传跨代继承表型研究进展

马克学1, 马克世2, 席兴字3   

  1. 1. 河南师范大学生命科学学院, 新乡 453007; 
    2. 周口师范学院生命科学系, 周口 466000;
    3. 新乡学院教科系, 新乡 453003
  • 收稿日期:2013-08-29 修回日期:2014-01-19 出版日期:2014-05-20 发布日期:2014-04-24
  • 通讯作者: 马克学, 副教授, 研究方向:细胞和分子生物学教学与科研。E-mail: makexue@sina.com E-mail:makexue@sina.com
  • 作者简介:马克学, 副教授, 研究方向:细胞和分子生物学教学与科研。E-mail: makexue@sina.com
  • 基金资助:

    河南省教育厅自然科学研究计划项目(编号:2011B180031)和河南省青年骨干教师项目(编号:2011GGJS-163)资助

Research progress of epigenetic transgenerational phenotype

Kexue Ma1, Keshi Ma2, Xingzi Xi3   

  1. 1. College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China;
    2. College of Life Sciences, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China; 
    3. Department of Education Sciences, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
  • Received:2013-08-29 Revised:2014-01-19 Online:2014-05-20 Published:2014-04-24
  • Contact: MA Ke-Xue E-mail:makexue@sina.com

摘要:

表观基因组在配子发生和早期胚胎发育中经历一个重编程过程。因此, 人们认为表观遗传信息不可能代间传递。表观遗传跨代继承表型的出现, 说明某些表观遗传标志可能逃脱了重编程。尽管该观点尚存争议, 但日益增多的实验证据表明表观遗传记忆确实存在于哺乳动物中。由于表观遗传修饰具有可逆性, 表观基因组易受各种环境因子(如化学物质、营养和行为等)的影响而改变。因此, 表观基因组提供了跨代传递环境影响的可能机制。文章介绍了表观遗传跨代继承表型的概念, 论述了表观遗传重编程和表观遗传信息跨代传递的分子机制, 列举了一些环境因子与表观遗传跨代继承性疾病。

关键词: 表观遗传, 跨代继承表型, 生殖细胞, 重编程, 环境因子

Abstract:

The epigenome undergoes a reprogramming process during gametogenesis and early embryogenesis. Therefore, it is believed that epigenetic information cannot be transmitted across generations. However, the occurrence of epigenetic transgenerational phenotype suggests that certain epigenetic marks may escape reprogramming. Although the existence of such a mode of inheritance has been controversial, there is increasing evidence that epigenetic memory does occur in mammals. Due to the reversibility of epigenetic modification, the epigenome is easily changed by a variety of environ-mental factors, such as chemicals, nutrition and behaviour. Therefore, it provides a potential mechanism for the transgen-erational transmission of the impact of environmental factors. The purpose of this review is to introduce the concept of epi-genetic transgenerational phenotype, to discuss the epigenetic reprogramming and the molecular mechanism of epigenetic transgenerational transmission, and to list some environmental factors that are associated with epigenetic transgenerational diseases.

Key words: epigenetics, transgenerational phenotype, germ cells, reprogramming, environmental factors