遗传 ›› 2016, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 196-205.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.15-400

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

体细胞变异对神经系统常见肿瘤和发育异常类疾病的致病性

刘芳, 宋小珍, 谢华, 陈晓丽   

  1. 首都儿科研究所,儿童发育营养组学北京市重点实验室,北京 100020
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-21 修回日期:2015-11-13 出版日期:2016-03-20 发布日期:2016-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈晓丽,副研究员,硕士生导师,研究方向:分子遗传学. E-mail:cxlwx@sina.com
  • 作者简介:刘芳,硕士研究生,专业方向:分子遗传学.E-mail: liufang_1990@sina.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(编号:81370708,81401207),北京市卫生系统215高层次人才项目,北京市百千万人才工程创新研发类项目和2014年首都卫生发展科研专项项目(编号:2014-2-1131)资助

The pathogenicity of somatic mutation to common tumors and developmental malformation of the nervous system

Fang Liu, Xiaozhen Song, Hua Xie, Xiaoli Chen   

  1. Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
  • Received:2015-09-21 Revised:2015-11-13 Online:2016-03-20 Published:2016-03-20
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natual Science Foundation of China (Nos; 81370708, 81401207), the Advanced Personnel Training Program (215) of Beijing Municipal Health Bureau to XLC , the Innovation Project of Beijing Municipal Human Resources and Social Secutity Bureau, and the Capital Health Research and Development of Special (No; 2014-2-1131)

摘要: 在生物体发育过程中各种内源性及外源性因素均可造成DNA损伤,引起体细胞变异.研究表明体细胞变异对肿瘤具有致病性作用,而体细胞变异对神经系统发育异常类疾病的致病性鲜有报道.新一代测序技术的发展,尤其是全外显子测序,靶向深度测序的应用大大提高了低频体细胞变异检出的敏感性,使科研人员重新认识了体细胞变异在神经系统肿瘤和发育异常类疾病发生中的致病性.本文综述了体细胞变异在神经系统肿瘤和发育异常类疾病致病性方面的研究进展,旨在为今后研究该类疾病的遗传病因提供新的思路,同时也为新药开发提供理论依据.

关键词: 体细胞变异, 神经系统肿瘤, 神经系统发育异常类疾病, 二代测序

Abstract: In the course of development, both endogenous and exogenous factors can cause DNA damage, which resulted in somatic mutations. It is recongnized that somatic mutations are the causation of many nervous cancers, the pathogenicity of somatic mutation in developmental malformation of nervous system is unknown yet. With the development of next generation sequencing (NGS), especially the clinical application of the whole-exome sequencing and the targeted massively parallel sequencing, the somatic mutations with low levels can be detected precisely. The detection of low-level and tissue-specific somatic mutation in patients enables researchers to re-recognize the contribution of somatic mutation to neurological disorders. In this review, we systematically summarize the pathogenicity and characteristics of the somatic mutations in the common tumors and developmental malformation of nervous system, and the new technologies to detect somatic mutation in order to extend our understanding of its genetic etiologies and identifying the new drug targets in the future.

Key words: somatic mutation, nervous system tumors, developmental malforamtion, next generation sequencing (NGS)