遗传 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 266-278.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.17-263

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CRISPR/Cas9系统在昆虫中的应用

童晓玲1,2,方春燕1,2,盖停停1,2,石津1,2,鲁成1,2,代方银1,2()   

  1. 1. 西南大学,家蚕基因组生物学国家重点实验室,重庆 400715
    2. 西南大学生物技术学院,农业部蚕桑生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,重庆 400715
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-16 修回日期:2018-01-21 出版日期:2018-04-20 发布日期:2018-01-24
  • 通讯作者: 代方银 E-mail:fydai@swu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:童晓玲,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向：昆虫发育遗传。E-mail: xltong@swu.edu.cn;方春燕,硕士研究生,专业方向：昆虫发育遗传。E-mail: 1039453631@qq.com;童晓玲和方春燕并列第一作者。|方春燕,硕士研究生,专业方向：昆虫发育遗传。E-mail: 1039453631@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2013AA102507);国家自然科学基金项目(31472153);国家自然科学基金项目(31372379);现代农业产业技术体系专项资助(CARS-18)

Applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in insects

Xiaoling Tong1,2,Chunyan Fang1,2,Tingting Gai1,2,Jin Shi1,2,Cheng Lu1,2,Fangyin Dai1,2()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Received:2017-10-16 Revised:2018-01-21 Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-01-24
  • Contact: Dai Fangyin E-mail:fydai@swu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program)(2013AA102507);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31472153);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31372379);the Technical System Special of Modern Agricultural industry of China(CARS-18)

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摘要：

CRISPR/Cas9(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9)技术是一种RNA引导的基因组靶向编辑技术,能对基因组序列进行精确编辑,在探究基因功能、修复受损基因、沉默有害基因、改良品质性状等方面具有广阔的应用前景。近年来,随着对CRISPR/Cas9系统研究的不断深入和改造,该系统以其操作简易、省时、高效等优点在生物学研究的众多领域中得以推广和应用,特别是在果蝇(Bombyx mori)、家蚕(silkworm)、埃及伊蚊(Aedes aegypti)和蝴蝶(butterfly)等多种昆虫中。本文概述了CRISPR/Cas9的结构、作用原理及发展优化,总结了CRISPR/Cas9导入昆虫的策略和在昆虫中的应用,以及对CRISPR/Cas9系统产生脱靶问题的应对策略,以期对经济昆虫和有益昆虫的分子育种、害虫的生物技术防控等研究提供参考。

关键词: CRISPR/Cas9, 基因组编辑, 昆虫, 应用

Abstract:

The CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated) system guides Cas9 to specific genomic locations by a short RNA search string. This technology enables the systematic interrogation of mammalian genome editing, repairing damaged genes, silencing harmful genes and improving quality traits. In recent years, with the introduction of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for easy, fast and efficient genetic modification, it has been possible to conduct meaningful functional studies in a broad array of insect species, such as Drosophila, Bombyx mori, Aedes aegypti and butterflies et al. In this review, we summarize the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in different insect species, discuss methods for its promotion, and consider its application for future insect studies.

Key words: CRISPR/Cas9, genome editing, insects, application