中国西南地区3个隔离人群遗传亚结构分析

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.22-013

遗传 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 424-431.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.22-013

中国西南地区3个隔离人群遗传亚结构分析

王飞¹(), 王萌¹, 张兴华², 宇克莉², 郑连斌², 杨亚军¹()

1. 复旦大学生命科学学院,上海 200438
2. 天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津 300387

收稿日期:2022-01-13 修回日期:2022-03-20 出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2022-03-29
通讯作者: 杨亚军 E-mail:19210700153@fudan.edu.cn;yyj229@263.net
作者简介:王飞,在读硕士研究生,专业方向：群体遗传学。E-mail: 19210700153@fudan.edu.cn
基金资助:
科技基础性工作专项编号(2015FY111700);国家自然科学基金项目编号(31271283);国家自然科学基金项目编号(31401022);国家重点研发计划编号资助(2016YFF0202301)

Genetic substructure analysis of three isolated populations in southwest China

Fei Wang¹(), Meng Wang¹, Xinghua Zhang², Keli Yu², Lianbin Zheng², Yajun Yang¹()

1. School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
2. School of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China

Received:2022-01-13 Revised:2022-03-20 Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-03-29
Contact: Yang Yajun E-mail:19210700153@fudan.edu.cn;yyj229@263.net
Supported by:
Supported by the Special for basic work of science and technology No(2015FY111700);the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos(31271283);the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos(31401022);the National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology No(2016YFF0202301)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国西南地区分布着众多少数民族,同时也包含许多地理和遗传隔离的人群,然而这些族群的遗传结构,特别是父系遗传结构缺乏深度解析。本研究采用Y染色体捕获及Illumina测序技术,对西南地区3个隔离人群男性无关个体样本,包括四川平武县的白马人、石棉县的木雅人及云南景洪市空格人,通过定点复合扩增检测,直接计数法计算相关单倍群频率,应用Past3.0软件进行PCA (principle component analysis, PCA)主成分分析并绘制群体聚类树,研究了3个族群的父系遗传结构,并探讨其遗传亚结构关系。本研究共观察到云南空格人三种Y染色体单倍群、四川白马人四种Y染色体单倍群以及木雅人五种Y染色体单倍群。结果表明,空格人与佤族的父系遗传关系最近;而白马人和木雅人主要集中在D单倍群及其下游,研究提示着白马人和四川羌族的父系遗传关系最近;木雅人与昌都地区藏族和林芝地区藏族父系遗传关系最近。本文对不同族群遗传结构的分析,丰富了我国隔离人群遗传关系的研究成果。

关键词: Y染色体, 群体遗传学, 隔离人群, 遗传亚结构

Abstract:

Southwest China is home to numerous ethnic minorities, as well as many geographically and genetically isolated groups. However, the genetic substructure of these ethnic groups, especially the paternal genetic structure between groups, has not been comprehensively analyzed. In this study, we used Y chromosome capture and Illumina sequencing technologies to investigate the paternal genetic structure of three isolated groups of male unrelated individuals, including Baima in Pingwu, Sichuan Province, Muya in Shimian, Sichuan Province, and Kongge in Jinghong, Yunnan Province. We calculated the frequencies of related haplogroups by the fixed-point compound amplification method and direct counting method, and used the Past3.0 software to perform principal component analysis to draw a population clustering tree. we observed that Kongge had 3 Y chromosome haplogroups, Baima had 4 Y chromosome haplogroups, and Muya had 5 Y chromosome haplogroups. The results showed that Kongge was most closely related to the Wa, and the Y chromosome types of the Baima and Muya were mainly concentrated in the D haplogroup and its lower reaches. It has the closest relationship with the Tibetans in Qamdo and Nyingchi. The study on the genetic structure of different ethnic groups has enriched the genetic relationship of isolated populations and provided a new perspective for understanding Chinese ethnic groups.

Key words: Y chromosome, population genetics, isolated populations, genetic sub-structure

王飞, 王萌, 张兴华, 宇克莉, 郑连斌, 杨亚军. 中国西南地区3个隔离人群遗传亚结构分析[J]. 遗传, 2022, 44(5): 424-431.

Fei Wang, Meng Wang, Xinghua Zhang, Keli Yu, Lianbin Zheng, Yajun Yang. Genetic substructure analysis of three isolated populations in southwest China[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2022, 44(5): 424-431.

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序号	族群	语系	样本量	白马人、木雅人与参考族群的单倍群频率(%)
序号	族群	语系	样本量	DE-YAP	D1*-M174	D1a1a-M15	D1a1b1-P47	E-M40
1	壮族	仡台	181	5.51	0.86	4.65
2	傣族	仡台	176	4.55	1.7	2.27	0.57
3	侗族	仡台	147	3.4		3.4
4	黎族	仡台	55	5.45		5.45
5	水族	仡台	95	5.26		5.26
6	瑶族	苗瑶	713	13.16		13.16
7	日喀则藏族	汉藏	286	39.2	1.7	18.5	18.5	0.3
8	拉萨藏族	汉藏	219	48.4	3.7	13.2	31.1
9	山南藏族	汉藏	285	37.2	2.5	11.9	22.5
10	甘南藏族	汉藏	301	52.5	1.3	8.6	40.2
11	青海藏族	汉藏	166	48.2	1.8	7.2	36.1
12	那曲藏族	汉藏	230	54.8	3.9	12.6	37.0
13	阿里藏族	汉藏	24	29.2		20.8	8.4
14	云南藏族	汉藏	29	37.9		6.9	31.0
15	昌都藏族	汉藏	278	62.2	0.4	9.0	49.3
16	林芝藏族	汉藏	144	68.1	4.9	16.7	44.4
17	嘉绒藏族	汉藏	92	46.7	1.1	30.4	9.8
18	川西藏族	汉藏	300	57.3	0.3	16.0	34.3	1.3
18	木雅	汉藏	74	59.5		8.1	51.4
20	白马	汉藏	167	61.1	1.2	41.9	18.0
21	羌族	汉藏	152	61.8	2.0	54.6	5.3
22	彝族	汉藏	107	14.2	0.9	13.1
23	拉祜族	汉藏	58	26.7		26.7
24	基诺族	汉藏	93	3.5		3.5

序号	族群	语系	样本量	空格人与参考族群的单倍群频率(%)
序号	族群	语系	样本量	D	C-M217	F2	N	O	Q
1	佤族	南亚	16	0	6.25	0	31.25	62.5	0
2	广西侗族	仡台	17	0	5.882353	0	0	94.11765	0
3	黎族	仡台	14	7.142857	0	0	14.28571	78.57143	0
4	毛南族	仡台	15	6.666667	0	0	0	93.33333	0
5	仡佬族	仡台	21	0	4.761905	0	14.28571	80.95238	0
6	湖南侗族	仡台	45	2.222222	22.22222	0	6.666667	66.66667	2.222222
7	苗族	苗瑶	20	0	0	0	0	100	0
8	白族	汉藏	34	5.882353	2.941176	0	8.823529	82.35294	0
9	哈尼族	汉藏	60	1.666667	21.66667	3.333333	15	55	3.333333
10	景颇族	汉藏	30	0	0	0	10	90	0
11	纳西族	汉藏	12	0	8.333333	0	41.66667	50	0
12	土家族	汉藏	33	3.030303	21.21212	0	6.060606	66.66667	3.030303
13	羌族	汉藏	27	33.33333	0	0	33.33333	29.62963	0
14	彝族	汉藏	24	16.66667	12.5	0	4.166667	66.666	0
15	空格	南亚	48	0	10.41667	0	54.16667	35.41667333	0

中国西南地区3个隔离人群遗传亚结构分析

Genetic substructure analysis of three isolated populations in southwest China

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