遗传 ›› 2013, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 151-160.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2013.00151

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

牦牛分子遗传多样性研究进展

马志杰1, 钟金城2, 韩建林3, 徐惊涛1 , 刘仲娜2, 白文林4   

  1. 1. 青海大学畜牧兽医科学院, 青海省放牧家畜营养与生态国家重点实验室培育基地, 青海高原牦牛研究中心, 西宁810016 2. 西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院, 成都610041 3. 中国农业科学研究院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 中国农业科学院―国际家畜研究所畜禽与牧草遗传资源联合实验室, 北京100193 4. 沈阳农业大学畜牧兽医学院, 沈阳110866
  • 收稿日期:2012-10-15 修回日期:2012-11-29 出版日期:2013-02-20 发布日期:2013-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 马志杰 E-mail:maziwise2003@yahoo.com.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究计划(973计划前期研究专项)项目(编号:2012CB722906), 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(编号:201203008)、国家国际科技合作专项(编号:2013DFA31420)和青海大学中青年基金团队项目资助

Research progress on molecular genetic diversity of the yak (Bos grunniens)

MA Zhi-Jie1, ZHONG Jin-Cheng2, HAN Jian-Lin3, XU Jing-Tao1, LIU Zhong-Na2, BAI Wen-Lin4   

  1. 1. Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Qinghai University, National Key Lab Cultivating Base of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Ecology in Qinghai Province, Qinghai Plateau Yak Research Center, Xining 810016, China 2. College of Life Science & Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China 3. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences-International Livestock Research Institute Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China 4. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
  • Received:2012-10-15 Revised:2012-11-29 Online:2013-02-20 Published:2013-02-25

摘要: 遗传多样性研究可有效地揭示牦牛的遗传变异, 是牦牛群体遗传学研究的主要内容之一。自20世纪70年代以来, 人们已对牦牛的体形外貌特征、染色体核型(带型)、生理生化特性和DNA序列变异等进行了较为深入地研究。随着分子遗传学和DNA测序技术的迅猛发展, 近年来的研究主要集中在牦牛的分子遗传多样性。文章对近15年来牦牛mtDNA和核基因组分子标记及侯选基因多样性的研究现状进行了综述, 对前景进行展望, 以期为牦牛群体基因组学等研究提供依据。

关键词: 牦牛, 遗传多样性, 核基因组, 线粒体DNA, 分子标记, Y染色体

Abstract: Studies on genetic diversity, as the core of population genetics, reveal genetic variations of the yak (Bos grunniens). Since the 1970s, the morphological, chromosomal, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, as well as DNA sequence polymorphisms, in yak have been extensively investigated. Following the rapid development of molecular genetics and DNA sequencing technology, the molecular genetic diversity of yak has become a focus in recent studies. In this paper, the research progress on the molecular genetic diversity of yak was reviewed based on the information and knowledge on mtDNA sequences and nucleus molecular markers, as well as candidate genes, obtained over the last 15 years. The future perspectives of relevant research topics were discussed to shed more light on depth understanding of the population genomics of the yak.

Key words: yak, genetic diversity, nuclear genome, mitochondrial DNA, molecular marker, Y chromosome