遗传 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 370-382.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.22-072

• 优博专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

胰岛beta细胞再生研究进展

赵欢1(), 周斌1,2,3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心/生物化学与细胞生物学研究所,上海 200031
    2. 上海科技大学生命科学与技术学院,上海 201210
    3. 国科大杭州高等研究院生命与健康科学学院,杭州 310024
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-16 修回日期:2022-04-05 出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2022-04-21
  • 作者简介:赵欢,博士,研究方向:遗传谱系示踪技术。E-mail: zhaohuan@sibs.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目编号(31730112);国家自然科学基金项目编号(91849202);国家自然科学基金项目编号(9216800001);赛诺菲优秀青年人才奖励基金资助

Pancreatic beta cells regeneration

Huan Zhao1(), Bin Zhou1,2,3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
    2. School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
    3. School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
  • Received:2022-03-16 Revised:2022-04-05 Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-04-21
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos(31730112);Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos(91849202);Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos(9216800001);the Sanofi Scholarship Program

摘要:

胰岛beta细胞分泌胰岛素调控体内血糖水平,胰岛beta细胞数量减少会导致糖尿病的发生。胰岛移植是目前治疗糖尿病的有效方法,但是目前仍然面临供体短缺等巨大障碍,因此研究胰岛beta细胞再生对于糖尿病的临床治疗具有深远意义。beta细胞的再生来源主要包括内源性beta细胞增殖、多能干细胞分化和其他非beta细胞的转分化。成体是否存在内源性胰腺干细胞依然是领域内亟待解决的重要科学问题之一。本文总结了与胰岛beta细胞再生相关的研究发现与进展,并讨论了内源性胰岛beta细胞增殖、诱导多能干细胞分化、非胰岛beta细胞重编程等方法在糖尿病治疗中需要注意的问题和潜在应用前景。

关键词: 胰腺beta细胞, 再生, 分化, 增殖

Abstract:

Insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells are important for the regulation of glucose metabolism in vivo. Loss of beta cells could lead to diabetes. So far, islet transplantation is an effective way for diabetes therapy, but the shortage of donors limits its extensive application. Therefore, study on beta cell regeneration has great significance for the clinical treatment of diabetes. The major cellular sources of beta cells mainly include endogenous beta cell proliferation, pluripotent stem cell differentiation, and trans-differentiation from other non-beta cells. The existence of endogenous pancreatic stem cells or progenitors in adults remains controversial in the field. In this review, we briefly summarize the research advances of beta cell regeneration and discuss the potential problems of these approaches, to improve our understanding on the mechanisms of beta cell regeneration and provide theoretical information for clinical application.

Key words: pancreatic beta cell, regeneration, differentiation, proliferation