真核生物mRNA 3′非翻译区最新研究进展

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.24-283

遗传 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 616-624.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-283

真核生物mRNA 3′非翻译区最新研究进展

罗昊玉¹^,²^,³(), 闫晓红¹^,²^,³, 牟芳¹^,²^,³, 王宁¹^,²^,³()

1.农业农村部鸡遗传育种重点实验室，哈尔滨 150030
2.黑龙江省普通高等学校动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室，哈尔滨 150030
3.东北农业大学动物科学技术学院，哈尔滨 150030

收稿日期:2024-09-27 修回日期:2025-02-20 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-02-25
通讯作者: 王宁，博士，教授，研究方向：动物遗传育种与繁殖。E-mail: wangning@neau.edu.cn
作者简介:罗昊玉，硕士研究生，专业方向：动物遗传育种与繁殖。E-mail: luohaoyu@neau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20230);黑龙江省自然科学基金(优秀青年项目);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-41)

Recent advances in the study of 3′ untranslated regions of eukaryotic mRNAs

Haoyu Luo¹^,²^,³(), Xiaohong Yan¹^,²^,³, Fang Mu¹^,²^,³, Ning Wang¹^,²^,³()

1. Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, China
2. Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, China
3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

Received:2024-09-27 Revised:2025-02-20 Published:2025-06-20 Online:2025-02-25
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20230);Natural Science Fund for Outstanding Youth of Heilongjiang Province(YQ2023C008);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-41)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

3′非翻译区(3′ untranslated regions，3′UTR)是真核生物mRNA的组成部分之一，位于其3′最末端。3′UTR在真核生物基因表达的转录后调控中发挥重要作用，目前已知3′UTR调控mRNA的加尾、稳定性、翻译效率及定位等。近年来，随着研究的深入及多种组学技术的出现和使用，人们发现3′UTR还具有许多意想不到的功能。本文综述了近年来真核生物3′UTR的新功能及其作用机制的研究进展，并提出了未来3′UTR的研究方向，以期为全面深入地研究真核生物基因功能及调控提供参考和借鉴。

关键词: 基因, 3′非翻译区, 转录后调控, 独立3′非翻译区, 蛋白多功能性

Abstract:

The 3′ untranslated regions (3′UTRs) are a component of eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and located at their 3′-most ends. 3′UTRs play crucial roles in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, regulating cleavage and polyadenylation, mRNA stability, mRNA translation and localization. With deepening research of the 3′UTRs, and with advent of various omics methods, a few unexpected functions of the eukaryotic 3′UTRs have been uncovered. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the study of 3′UTRs and propose the future research directions for studying the roles and mechanisms of the 3′UTRs, with the aim to provide a better reference for comprehensively investigating gene function and regulation.

Key words: gene, 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), post-transcritional regulation, isolated 3′UTR (i3′UTR), protein multifunctionality

罗昊玉, 闫晓红, 牟芳, 王宁. 真核生物mRNA 3′非翻译区最新研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2025, 47(6): 616-624.

Haoyu Luo, Xiaohong Yan, Fang Mu, Ning Wang. Recent advances in the study of 3′ untranslated regions of eukaryotic mRNAs[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2025, 47(6): 616-624.

图/表 2

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真核生物mRNA 3′非翻译区最新研究进展

Recent advances in the study of 3′ untranslated regions of eukaryotic mRNAs

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