动物物种形成研究进展

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.24-206

遗传 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 58-70.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-206

动物物种形成研究进展

吴宏¹(), 章誉兴¹, 于黎¹^,²()

1.云南大学省部共建云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室，生命科学学院，昆明 650500
2.西南联合研究生院，昆明 650092

收稿日期:2024-07-11 修回日期:2024-08-17 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2024-09-19
通讯作者: 于黎，博士，研究员，研究方向：动物遗传与进化。E-mail: yuli@ynu.edu.cn
作者简介:吴宏，博士，教授，研究方向：哺乳动物物种形成与表型多样化。E-mail: whzxsg@126.com
基金资助:
国家杰出青年科学基金项目(31925006);云南省西南联合研究生院科技专项(202302A0370005);兴滇科技领军人才(202305AB350001)

Progress on animal speciation studies

Hong Wu¹(), Yuxing Zhang¹, Li Yu¹^,²()

1. State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences of Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
2. Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming 650092, China

Received:2024-07-11 Revised:2024-08-17 Published:2025-01-20 Online:2024-09-19
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31925006);Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Project at Southwest United Graduate School(202302A0370005);Xingdian Talent Fund Project of Yunnan Province(202305AB350001)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

物种形成研究是人们关于新物种如何产生和维持的思考和探索，是进化生物学最重要的组成部分之一。对物种形成方式、生殖隔离产生过程及其内在遗传机制的探究和揭示，是物种形成研究领域的重要命题和主要研究内容，也是认识和理解自然界中物种多样性现象的关键线索和重要依据。本文聚焦于动物类群，首先介绍了目前人们关于物种概念的不同定义，在此基础上，围绕动物物种形成方式、生殖隔离分子机制等所取得的研究进展和重要突破进行阐述，并分析了目前动物物种形成相关研究的局限；最后，探讨了今后动物物种形成研究中潜在的新机遇和新突破。

关键词: 物种, 物种形成, 种间杂交, 生殖隔离, 基因组

Abstract:

Speciation research represents our thinking and exploration about how new species are generated and maintained, and it is one of the most important parts of evolutionary biology. Revealing new species formation modes, processes of reproductive isolation establishment and their intrinsic genetic mechanisms, are not only important issues and primary tasks in the field of speciation, but also the key clues for our understandings about the species diversity in nature. Here, by focusing on animal groups, we first introduced different definitions of species concept, and then summarized present research progress and important breakthroughs made in the speciation modes and molecular mechanism of reproductive isolation. We also pointed out some limitations in current studies. Finally, we discuss the potential opportunities and new breakthroughs that can be made in the future studies of animal speciation.

Key words: species, speciation, interspecific hybridization, reproductive isolation, genomes

吴宏, 章誉兴, 于黎. 动物物种形成研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2025, 47(1): 58-70.

Hong Wu, Yuxing Zhang, Li Yu. Progress on animal speciation studies[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2025, 47(1): 58-70.

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物种	基因名称	杂交类群	生殖隔离表现形式	参考文献
果蝇	Nup160	D. melanogaster × D. simulans	杂交致死	[72]
	Nup96	D. melanogaster × D. simulans	杂交致死	[73]
	Hmr	D. melanogaster × D. simulans	杂交致死	[74]
	Lhr	D. melanogaster × D. simulans	杂交致死	[75]
	JYalpha	D. melanogaster ×D. simulans	杂交雄性不育	[76]
	gfzf	D. melanogaster × D. simulans	杂交致死	[77]
	Zhr	D. melanogaster × D. simulans	杂交致死	[78]
	Hhl	D. melanogaster × D. simulans, D. mauritiana, D. sechellia	杂交致死	[79]
	Odysseus	D. mauritiana × D. simulans	杂交雄性不育	[80]
	agt	D. mauritiana × D. simulans	杂交雄性不育	[81]
	Taf1	D. mauritiana × D. simulans	杂交雄性不育	[81]
	Ovd	D. pseudoobscura bogatana × D. p. pseudoobscura	杂交雄性不育	[82]
剑尾鱼	ndufa13	X. birchmanni × X. malinche	杂交致死	[68]
	ndufs5	X. birchmanni × X. malinche	杂交致死	[68]
	Xmrk	X. maculatus × X. helleri	杂交致死	[83]
小鼠	PRDM9	Mus musculus musculus × M. m.domesticus	杂交雄性不育	[84]

动物物种形成研究进展

Progress on animal speciation studies

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