小非编码RNA在雄性生殖发育和代际遗传中研究进展

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.24-335

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小非编码RNA在雄性生殖发育和代际遗传中研究进展

师愉倩^1,2,3，马剑峰^1,2,3，陈思宇^1,2,3，周立新⁴，薛佳⁴，沈林園^1,2,3，朱砺^1,2,3，甘麦邻^1,2,3

1. 四川农业大学，猪禽种业全国重点实验室，成都 611130

2. 四川农业大学，畜禽遗传资源发掘与创新利用四川省重点实验室，成都 611130

3. 四川农业大学动物科技学院，农业农村部畜禽生物组学重点实验室，成都 611130
4. 成都市动物疫病预防控制中心，成都 610041

收稿日期:2024-11-21 修回日期:2025-04-27 出版日期:2025-05-12 发布日期:2025-05-12
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金;四川省科技计划;四川省科技计划;四川省科技计划;国家现代农业产业技术体系四川生猪创新团队;国家生猪产业体系

Progress on small non-coding RNAs in male reproductive development and intergenerational inheritance

Yuqian Shi^{1, 2, 3}, Jianfeng Ma^{1, 2, 3}, Siyu Chen^{1, 2, 3}, Lixin Zhou ⁴, Jia Xue ⁴, Linyuan Shen ^{1, 2, 3}, Li Zhu ^{1, 2, 3}, Mailin Gan^{1,
2, 3}

1. National Key Laboratory of Pig and Poultry Seed Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

2. Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Exploration and Innovative Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

3. Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Biomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
4. Chengdu City Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chengdu 610041, China

Received:2024-11-21 Revised:2025-04-27 Published:2025-05-12 Online:2025-05-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 作为表观遗传的重要研究内容，小非编码RNA (small non-coding RNAs，sncRNAs)在雄性生殖正常发育和代际遗传中发挥着重要的调控作用。研究表明，哺乳动物雄性生殖细胞中高度表达的小非编码RNA包括miRNA、piRNA和tsRNA等，在维持雄性生殖细胞发育和精子发生等过程中发挥重要作用。sncRNAs通过调控基因表达、影响蛋白翻译、改变精子表观遗传修饰等方式参与维持不同阶段的雄性生殖发育过程，其表达异常与雄性不育密切相关。此外，越来越多的证据表明，环境暴露影响精子的表观遗传修饰，这种表观遗传修饰的变化常导致后代表型发生改变。本文系统总结了雄性生殖细胞中sncRNAs的种类及其发挥的功能，介绍了各种因素环境暴露引起的代际遗传中sncRNAs的作用，以期为雄性生殖健康的研究提供新的视角和理论依据，为预防和治疗雄性不育及相关生殖疾病提供潜在的靶点和策略。

关键词: sncRNA, 雄性生殖, 精子发生, 代际遗传

Abstract: Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) are crucial in epigenetics, playing a significant regulatory role in the normal development and intergenerational inheritance of male reproduction. Research has shown that highly expressed sncRNAs, including miRNAs, piRNAs, and tsRNAs, are vital in maintaining male germ cell development and spermatogenesis. sncRNAs regulate gene expression, influence protein translation, and modify sperm epigenetics, contributing to male reproductive development at various stages. Abnormal expression of sncRNAs is closely linked to male infertility. Furthermore, growing evidence suggests that environmental exposures affect sperm epigenetic modifications, often leading to phenotypic changes in future generations. In this review, we summarize the types and functions of sncRNAs in male germ cells and examine their role in intergenerational inheritance due to environmental factors. It aims to provide new insights into male reproductive health and potential targets for preventing and treating male infertility and related diseases.

Key words: sncRNA, Male reproduction, Spermatogenesis, Intergenerational inheritance

师愉倩, 马剑峰, 陈思宇, 周立新, 薛佳, 沈林園, 朱砺, 甘麦邻. 小非编码RNA在雄性生殖发育和代际遗传中研究进展[J]. 遗传, doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-335.

Yuqian Shi, Jianfeng Ma, Siyu Chen, Lixin Zhou, Jia Xue, Linyuan Shen, Li Zhu, Mailin Gan. Progress on small non-coding RNAs in male reproductive development and intergenerational inheritance[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-335.

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小非编码RNA在雄性生殖发育和代际遗传中研究进展

Progress on small non-coding RNAs in male reproductive development and intergenerational inheritance

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