摘要： 在动植物基因组中广泛存在一类非编码蛋白的RNA基因，产生长度大约为21～24个核苷酸的RNA，它们被命名为microRNA（miRNA）。 这是一类具有调节其他基因表达活性的小RNA。在生物的发育过程中发挥着重要作用。本文对这种基因表达调节途径的发现、机制功能及研究方法和现状作简要概述。
Abstract:Plant and animal genomes contain an abundance of small genes that produce RNAs of about 22 nucleotides in length， which was dubbed as microRNAs.These newly found endogenous RNAs may participate in a wide range of genetic regulatory pathways and play an important role in the development.This paper is focused on the finding of the microRNAs,its mechanism and function,as well as the methods of research.
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