遗传 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1078-1089.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.17-130

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基因组编辑技术在猪遗传改良中的应用

黄娇娇1(),曹春伟1,郑国民3,赵建国1,2()   

  1. 1. 中国科学院动物研究所,干细胞与生殖生物学国家重点实验室,北京 100101
    2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100101
    3. 山东荣昌育种股份有限公司,滨州 251900
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-07 修回日期:2017-05-19 出版日期:2017-11-20 发布日期:2017-12-20
  • 作者简介:黄娇娇,博士,研究方向：发育生物学。E-mail: huangjj@ioz.ac.cn|赵建国，博士，研究员，博士生导师，研究方向：发育生物学。E-mail: zhaojg@ioz.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81671274, 31402045, 31601008);国家科技重大专项(2016ZX08009003-006-007);中国科学院战略性先导项目(XDA08010304)

Genome editing technologies drive the development of pig genetic improvement

Jiaojiao Huang1(),Chunwei Cao1,Guomin Zheng3,Jianguo Zhao1,2()   

  1. 1. State Key Lab of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    3. Company of Rongchang Breeding, Binzhou 251900, China
  • Received:2017-04-07 Revised:2017-05-19 Online:2017-11-20 Published:2017-12-20
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81671274, 31402045, 31601008);the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016ZX08009003-006-007);the Strategic Pilot Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA08010304)

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摘要：

核酸酶介导的基因组编辑技术大幅度提高了编辑真核细胞基因组的能力,给生命科学领域带来了革命性地发展,也给猪的遗传改良带来了全新的契机。本文介绍了基因组编辑技术尤其是CRISPR/Cas9系统的发展以及各种天然存在的和人为改造的Cas9变体的作用特点;汇总了利用基因组编辑技术提高猪生产性能,尤其是改善猪肉品质和抵抗病毒感染的研究进展;分析了目前利用基因组编辑技术推进猪遗传改良所面临的挑战;最后,展望了基于基因组编辑技术的猪遗传改良和品种培育的发展趋势。

关键词: 猪, 基因组编辑, 遗传改良

Abstract:

Nuclease-mediated genome editing technologies contribute to the rapid advances in life sciences via the ability to edit the genomes within living cells, and present a new era for porcine genetic improvement. In this review, we introduce the development of various genomic editing technologies, particularly CRISPR/Cas9 strategies and characteristics of various naturally occurring and artificially engineered CRISPR enzymes. Also, we summarize progress in pig genetic improvement mediated by genome editing, especially those associated with meat quality traits and anti-virus resistance. We highlight the challenges in the implementation of pig genetic improvement and the prospects of pig genetic breeding based on genome editing technologies.

Key words: pig, genomic editing, genetic improvement