Rab蛋白家族在神经类疾病中的作用

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.20-318

遗传 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 16-29.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.20-318

Rab蛋白家族在神经类疾病中的作用

吴安平, 庆宏, 全贞贞()

北京理工大学生命学院分子医学和生物诊疗工信部重点实验室,北京 100081

收稿日期:2020-11-17 修回日期:2021-01-06 出版日期:2021-01-20 发布日期:2021-01-12
通讯作者: 全贞贞 E-mail:qzzbit2015@bit.edu.cn
作者简介:吴安平,在读硕士研究生,专业方向：生物工程。E-mail: 18801361945@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目资助编号(81701260)

The roles of Rab protein family in neurological diseases

Anping Wu, Hong Qing, Zhenzhen Quan()

Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy,School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2020-11-17 Revised:2021-01-06 Online:2021-01-20 Published:2021-01-12
Contact: Quan Zhenzhen E-mail:qzzbit2015@bit.edu.cn
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China No(81701260)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

细胞内膜囊泡运输是一个复杂的通路网络,Rab GTPases是膜囊泡运输的主要调节剂,通常被认为是细胞内吞和分泌系统中各种细胞器和囊泡的特异性标记和识别物。与Rab蛋白相关的轴突运输、内体运输发生障碍是造成神经退行性疾病的重要原因之一。本文主要介绍了Rab蛋白在多种神经退行性疾病病理机制中的作用机理与调控机制,同时讨论了线粒体和胶质细胞功能异常与Rab蛋白之间的关联。深入探究Rab蛋白的作用机制对人类神经性疾病的早期诊断和治疗具有潜在的指导意义。

关键词: Rab蛋白, 神经退行性疾病, 膜囊泡运输, 线粒体, 星型胶质细胞

Abstract:

The intracellular membrane trafficking is a complicated pathway network. Rab GTPases are key regulators of membrane trafficking that are generally considered as specific markers and indicators of various organelles and membrane trafficking in endocytic and secretory pathways. Dysfunction in axonal and endosomal transport related to Rab proteins is one of the most important causes of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we mainly introduce how the Rab proteins change in different neurodegenerative diseases and their regulatory roles in the pathological mechanisms of related diseases. We also discuss the relationships between mitochondrial and glial cell dysfunctions and Rab proteins. Further exploration of the regulatory roles of Rab proteins will shed lights on revealing the pathogenic mechanisms of neurological diseases and providing potential targets for the early diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases.

Key words: Rab proteins, neurological diseases, membrane trafficking, mitochondria, astrocytes

吴安平, 庆宏, 全贞贞. Rab蛋白家族在神经类疾病中的作用[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(1): 16-29.

Anping Wu, Hong Qing, Zhenzhen Quan. The roles of Rab protein family in neurological diseases[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2021, 43(1): 16-29.

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名称	功能	影响的神经退行性疾病
Rab 1A	调节从内质网(ER)到高尔基体室以及细胞表面的囊泡蛋白运输	AD、PD
Rab 3	参与胞吐作用,在神经递质释放和突触可塑性中起关键作用	AD、PD
Rab 5	介导货物从质膜到早期内含体的运输并充当早期内含体的标记物,在内含体运输中、突触和突触功能中起重要作用	AD、ALS、HD
Rab 7	调节货物从早期到晚期内含体的运输并充当晚期内含体的标记;控制神经营养蛋白受体的逆行轴突运输	AD、PD 、ALS 、CMT2B
Rab 8	是极化运输的重要调节剂,并参与反高尔基网络至基底外侧质的膜运输,突起形成和纤毛发生	AD、PD 、HD
Rab 10	调节小泡运输,参与反高尔基网络、内质网到基底膜的组织	AD、PD
Rab 11	与再循环内含体有关,控制着反高尔基网络与内吞在循环室或质膜之间的物质运输	AD、PD 、ALS 、HD
Rab 13	与生物合成和内含体再循环途径有关	PD
Rab 21	在内吞和自噬中发挥作用	AD
Rab 29	与溶酶体相关细胞器生物发生相关	PD
Rab 31	在表皮生长因子受体转运至晚期内含体的运输中发挥作用	与星形胶质细胞相关
Rab 35	控制货物从早期内含体、循环内含体直接返回质膜的快速回收	PD、线粒体相关

Rab蛋白家族在神经类疾病中的作用

The roles of Rab protein family in neurological diseases

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