绵羊多胎主效基因研究进展

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1005.2011.00953

遗传 ›› 2011, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 953-961.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2011.00953

绵羊多胎主效基因研究进展

王建起,曹文广

中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193

收稿日期:2010-12-19 修回日期:2011-01-26 出版日期:2011-09-20 发布日期:2011-09-25
通讯作者: 曹文广 E-mail:wgcao@yahoo.com
基金资助:
国家转基因重大专项“优质转基因肉羊新品种培育”(编号：2008ZX08008-003)资助

Progress in exploring genes for high fertility in ewes

WANG Jian-Qi, CAO Wen-Guang

Institute of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received:2010-12-19 Revised:2011-01-26 Online:2011-09-20 Published:2011-09-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 绵羊存在影响多胎性状的主效基因。BMPR-IB的突变体FecB对排卵数的增加具有增强效应, GDF-9的突变体FecG^H和FecI及BMP-15的突变体FecX^I、FecX^H、FecX^G、FecX^B、FecX^L和FecX^R均为纯合子不育, 杂合子增加排卵数, 而GDF-9的突变体FecG^E只有纯合子增加排卵数。Woodlands和Lacaune是遗传方式已知的多胎主效基因。Woodlands是与X染色体连锁的母系印迹基因, Lacaune与FecB类似对排卵数的增加具有增强效应。主效基因突变体单拷贝增加排卵数的效应具有差异性, FecB和FecX^L的效应最高可增加1.5个, Woodlands最低可增加0.4个。研究绵羊多胎性状主效基因不仅有助于家畜的选种选育, 提高绵羊繁殖力, 而且为研究哺乳动物的繁殖机制开拓了新的方向。文章综述了绵羊多胎主效基因的来源、定位、表型、作用机制以及我国绵羊品种多胎主效基因的研究现状, 旨在为深入研究绵羊多胎主效基因的作用机制及为绵羊多胎品种的选育提供参考。

关键词: 绵羊, 多胎, 主效基因, 突变体

Abstract: Fecundity trait in sheep is regulated by some major genes. Among them, BMPR-IB, BMP-15, and GDF-9 are most distinguishing. The mutant FecB of BMPR-IB has multiplicative effects on ovulation. GDF-9’s mutants FecG^H, FecI, and BMP-15’s mutants FecX^I, FecX^H, FecX^G, FecX^B, FecX^L, and FecX^R increase ovulation rate in the heterozygote but result in sterile phenotypes in the homozygote, while GDF-9’s mutant, FecG^E, only increases ovulation rate in the homozygote. In addition, Woodlands and Lacaune are known as inheritable major genes. Woodlands gene is an X-linked ma-ternally imprinted gene, and Lacaune is similar to FecB with a multiplicative effect on ovulation rate. The size of the effect of one copy of a mutation on ovulation rate ranges from an extra 0.4 ovulations for the woodlands mutation to an extra 1.5 ovulations for the BMPR-IB and Lacaune mutation. Investigation into these genes will not only help to select breeds with high fertility, but also give a chance to further elucidate the mechanism involved in the phenomenon. This review summaries the source, location, phenotype, and mechanism of the major genes in all breeds of sheep.

Key words: major gene, mutant, prolific, sheep

王建起，曹文广. 绵羊多胎主效基因研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2011, 33(9): 953-961.

WANG Jian-Qi, CAO Wen-An. Progress in exploring genes for high fertility in ewes[J]. HEREDITAS, 2011, 33(9): 953-961.

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