遗传

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云南古基因组研究揭示青藏高原与南亚语系人群遗传起源

乔诗雨1,2,王恬怡1,2,陈泽慧1,付巧妹1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,北京 100044

    2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049


  • 收稿日期:2025-05-29 出版日期:2025-05-30 发布日期:2025-05-30
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院稳定支持基础研究领域青年团队计划

Ancient genomes from Yunnan reveal ancestry related to Tibetans and Austroasiatic speakers


  • Received:2025-05-29 Published:2025-05-30 Online:2025-05-30

摘要: 东亚和东南亚地区人群分化、迁徙及混合历史十分复杂,其中不少问题仍待解答。近日,发表在Science的研究为探究青藏高原“幽灵祖先”和南亚语系族群的遗传来源提供了关键线索。该研究成功从中国云南采集到 127 个古人类基因组样本。其中一个来自云南中部距今7100年的个体携带亚洲基部祖先成分,该成分对青藏高原人群的“幽灵祖先”有遗传贡献。距今5500-1500年的云南中部人群特有的东亚遗传成分,且该成分广泛分布于现今南亚语系族群中。该研究的发现对于理解东亚与东南亚人群演化关键问题具有重要科学意义。

关键词: 古DNA, 群体遗传, 云南, 青藏高原, 南亚语系

Abstract: Population history in East Asia and Southeast Asia remains many questions unanswered. Recently, a study published in Science provides key clues. The study successfully obtained 127 ancient human genome samples from Yunnan, China. One individual from central Yunnan, dated to 7,100 years ago, carried an unsampled Basal Asian ancestry that contributed to the “ghost ancestry” of Tibetan Plateau populations. Central Yunnan populations from 5500-1500 years ago show an East Asian ancestry distinct from northern or southern East Asian ancestries and is widely distributed among present-day Austroasiatic speakers. The findings of this study are of great scientific significance for the understanding of key issues in the evolution of East and Southeast Asian populations.

Key words: Ancient DNA, Population Genetics, Yunnan, Tibetan Plateau, Austroasiatic