组蛋白H3变体H3.3及其在细胞重编程中的作用

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.17-233

遗传 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 186-196.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.17-233

组蛋白H3变体H3.3及其在细胞重编程中的作用

黄星卫,程香荣,王楠,张雨薇,廖辰,金连弘(),雷蕾()

哈尔滨医科大学组织学与胚胎学教研室,哈尔滨 150081

收稿日期:2017-09-30 修回日期:2017-12-15 出版日期:2018-03-20 发布日期:2017-12-22
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号：31671545)资助

Histone variant H3.3 and its functions in reprogramming

Xingwei Huang,Xiangrong Cheng,Nan Wang,Yuwei Zhang,Chen Liao,Lianhong Jin(), Lei()

Department of histology and embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China

Received:2017-09-30 Revised:2017-12-15 Online:2018-03-20 Published:2017-12-22
Supported by:
[Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31671545)]

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

组蛋白是真核生物中一类进化上相对保守的蛋白质。由组蛋白八聚体及缠绕其上的DNA构成的核小体是真核生物染色质的基本组成单位。核小体使DNA保持固缩状态,既能维持基因组的稳定性,又能保证DNA序列可以正确地进行复制、转录、重组和修复。核小体调控细胞的生物过程除了通过组蛋白翻译后修饰,还可以通过组蛋白变体替换的方式进行。研究发现,组蛋白H3变体H3.3与常规组蛋白H3尽管仅有几个氨基酸的区别,但H3.3却能由特异的分子伴侣介导,整合进入染色质的特定区域,从而发挥不同的作用。同时,H3.3作为一种母源因子在正常受精和体细胞核移植等细胞重编程过程中也发挥着重要作用。本文总结了H3.3的结构特点和富集情况,探讨了特异的分子伴侣及其在细胞重编程中的作用,以期为提高体细胞重编程效率提供新思路,为体细胞重编程的应用奠定基础。

关键词: 组蛋白变体, H3.3, 分子伴侣, 重编程, rDNA

Abstract:

Histones are a class of evolutionarily conserved nuclear proteins. Histone octamer wrapped by DNA sequence forms the nucleosome, the basic building blocks of eukaryotic chromatin. The nucleosomes keep the DNA in a condensed state, maintain the integrity of the genome, and ensure proper DNA replication, transcription, recombination and repair. Nucleosomes can regulate the biological processes of the cell through a number of distinct post-translational modifications (PTMs) and turnovers of histone variants. Although the histone H3 variant H3.3 differs from the canonical histone H3 by only a few amino acids, it could be incorporated into distinct chromatin regions by specific chaperones and exert diverse functions on the chromatin. Importantly, H3.3 is also an essential maternal factor, and plays a key role in cellular reprogramming during fertilization and somatic cell nuclear transfer. In this review, we summarize the structural properties and enrichment pattern of H3.3, and explore the specific chaperones involved in the H3.3-mediated cellular reprogramming. We hope to provide some insights on new means to improve the efficiency of somatic cell reprogramming and lay the foundation for its potential applications.

Key words: histone variant, H3.3, chaperone, reprogramming, rDNA

黄星卫, 程香荣, 王楠, 张雨薇, 廖辰, 金连弘, 雷蕾. 组蛋白H3变体H3.3及其在细胞重编程中的作用[J]. 遗传, 2018, 40(3): 186-196.

Xingwei Huang, Xiangrong Cheng, Nan Wang, Yuwei Zhang, Chen Liao, Lianhong Jin, Lei. Histone variant H3.3 and its functions in reprogramming[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2018, 40(3): 186-196.

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组蛋白H3变体H3.3及其在细胞重编程中的作用

Histone variant H3.3 and its functions in reprogramming

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