遗传 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 357-368.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.17-371

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

马毛色遗传机理研究进展

赵若阳,赵一萍,李蓓,格日乐其木格,张心壮,陶克涛,图格琴,旭仁其木格,青柏,李超,白东义(),芒来()   

  1. 内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,内蒙古自治区马属动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室,呼和浩特 010018
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-09 修回日期:2018-04-25 出版日期:2018-05-20 发布日期:2018-05-04
  • 作者简介:赵若阳,在读博士生,专业方向：动物遗传育种与繁殖。E-mail: zhaoruoyang@foxmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31472070);国家自然科学基金项目(31360538);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFE0108700);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金重大项目(2017ZD06);内蒙古自治区科学技术厅项目(编号：201603002);内蒙古自治区科学技术厅项目(201603008);内蒙古自治区研究生科研创新计划项目资助(B20171012911)

Overview of the genetic control of horse coat color patterns

Ruoyang Zhao,Yiping Zhao,Bei Li,Gerelchimeg Bou,Xinzhuang Zhang,Togtokh Mongke,Tugeqin Bao,Shurenchimeg Gereliin,Tsimbai Gereltuuin,Chao Li,Dongyi Bai(),Manglai Dugarjaviin()   

  1. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equus Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Hohhot 010018, China
  • Received:2017-11-09 Revised:2018-04-25 Published:2018-05-20 Online:2018-05-04
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31472070);Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31360538);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFE0108700);the Natural Science Foundation Major Project of Inner Mongolia(2017ZD06);Inner Mongolia Science And Technology Department Construction Project(编号：201603002);Inner Mongolia Science And Technology Department Construction Project(201603008);Graduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Inner Mongolia(B20171012911)

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摘要：

动物毛色是人类正向选择产生的表型之一,在遗传与进化过程中扮演着重要角色。其中马的毛色丰富多变,单从表型无法准确判别其属于哪种毛色,造成马品种登记时毛色性状记录不准确,因此研究马毛色形成机理在育种工作中具有重要意义。随着基因组学及测序技术的日益成熟,马毛色形成遗传机理的研究不断深入,并发现不同毛色性状与特定疾病之间的相关性。本文从遗传学的角度对马的毛色进行归类,对与其形成的相关基因、作用机理及应用等研究进展进行了综述,以期为马毛色形成机理的系统性研究和马匹选育提供借鉴和参考。

关键词: 马, 毛色, 遗传机理, 基因调控

Abstract:

Mammalian coat color is one of the first phenotypic changes resulting from positive selection by humans, and it serves important roles in genetic and evolutionary processes. Among them, horses show a broad variety of coat color patterns, based on which it is difficult to distinguish the real phenotypes, resulting in confused records in horse breed registration. Thus, research in the genetic mechanisms on the development of coat color patterns is significant in horse reproduction and breeding. With the recent establishment of genomics and sequencing technologies, there are significant advances in research in the genetics of horse coat colors, which demonstrate that special coat colors could be associated with certain diseases. In this review, we classify horse coat colors from the perspective of genetics, and summarize the recent research progresses of the associated genes and molecular mechanisms on horse coat color development and its application, thereby providing references to further systematic research on horse coat color patterns and their practical uses in horse breeding.

Key words: horse, coat color pattern, genetic mechanism, gene regulation