两侧对称动物左右不对称发生机制研究进展

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.23-044

遗传 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 488-500.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.23-044

两侧对称动物左右不对称发生机制研究进展

邢超凡^1,²(), 王闽涛^1,², 王磊^1,², 申欣^1,²

1.江苏海洋大学，江苏省海洋生物资源与环境重点实验室/江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室，连云港 222005
2.江苏海洋大学，江苏省海洋生物产业技术协同创新中心，连云港 222005

收稿日期:2023-02-28 修回日期:2023-05-16 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-05-29
通讯作者: 邢超凡 E-mail:chaofanxing2021@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32200411);江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究面上项目(22KJB180014);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目资助(22KJB180014)

Progress on the mechanism of left-right asymmetrical patterning in bilaterians

Chaofan Xing^1,²(), Mintao Wang^1,², Lei Wang^1,², Xin Shen^1,²

1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
2. Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China

Received:2023-02-28 Revised:2023-05-16 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-05-29
Contact: Xing Chaofan E-mail:chaofanxing2021@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32200411);Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(22KJB180014);Priority Academic Program Development Fund of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(22KJB180014)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

左右不对称是两侧对称动物的重要特征，其形成机制一直是发育生物学领域备受关注的科学问题之一。脊椎动物的左右不对称发生经过3个重要阶段：左右对称性的打破，左右不对称信号的建立和维持，以及左右不对称器官的形态发生。多数脊椎动物在胚胎发育阶段依赖纤毛产生定向液流打破胚胎的左右对称性，随后建立Nodal-Pitx2左右不对称信号，最后由Pitx2等基因指导左右不对称器官的形态发生过程。无脊椎动物中存在不依赖纤毛介导的Nodal-Pitx不对称信号表达机制，甚至具有完全独立的左右不对称发育机制。本文结合最新的左右不对称器官发育机制的研究进展，综述了脊椎动物和无脊椎动物胚胎左右不对称的发生过程及相关基因和信号通路，有助于深入理解左右不对称器官发育的过程，以期为追溯左右不对称器官发育机制的起源演化提供参考。

关键词: 两侧对称动物, 左右不对称, 发育, 起源演化

Abstract:

Left-right asymmetry is an essential feature in bilateral animals. The mechanism underlying the left-right asymmetrical organ morphogenesis is a central question in developmental biology. Studies in vertebrates show that left-right asymmetry formation needs three essential steps: the initial left-right symmetry breaking, the left-right asymmetrical gene expression, and the left-right asymmetrical organ morphogenesis. Many vertebrates use cilia to produce directional fluid flow to break symmetry during embryonic development, asymmetric Nodal-Pitx2 signaling to pattern the left-right asymmetry, and Pitx2 and other genes to control the morphogenesis of asymmetrical organs. In invertebrates, there are left-right mechanisms independent of cilia and even others more different from that of vertebrates. In this review, we summarize the major steps and relevant molecular mechanisms of left-right asymmetric development in vertebrates and invertebrates, aiming to provide a reference for the understanding of the origin and evolution of the left-right developmental mechanism.

Key words: bilaterians, left-right asymmetry, development, evolutionary origin

邢超凡, 王闽涛, 王磊, 申欣. 两侧对称动物左右不对称发生机制研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2023, 45(6): 488-500.

Chaofan Xing, Mintao Wang, Lei Wang, Xin Shen. Progress on the mechanism of left-right asymmetrical patterning in bilaterians[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2023, 45(6): 488-500.

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分类	物种	Dand5	Nodal	Vg1	Lefty	Pitx	BMP信号
脊椎动物	小鼠 (Mus musculus)	参与	参与	参与	参与	参与	参与
	鸡 (Gallus gallus)	参与	参与	参与	参与	参与	参与
	非洲爪蟾 (Xenopus laevis)	参与	参与	参与	参与	参与	参与
	斑马鱼 (Danio rerio)	参与	参与	参与	参与	不参与	参与
无脊椎动物	住囊虫 (Oikopleura)	未知	不存在	未知	未知	不参与	参与
	海鞘 (Ascidiacea)	未知	参与	未知	未知	参与	未知
	文昌鱼 (Branchiostoma)	参与	参与	参与	参与	参与	参与
	海胆 (Echinoidea)	未知	参与	未知	参与	参与	参与
	果蝇 (Drosophila)	未知	不存在	未知	未知	不存在	未知
	腹足类 (Snails)	未知	参与	未知	未知	参与	参与
	线虫 (Nematoda)	未知	不存在	未知	未知	不存在	未知
	水螅 (Hydra)	未知	参与	未知	未知	参与	未知

两侧对称动物左右不对称发生机制研究进展

Progress on the mechanism of left-right asymmetrical patterning in bilaterians

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