水稻基因组加倍对籽粒大小调控基因表达的影响

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.16-202

遗传 ›› 2016, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (12): 1102-1111.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.16-202

水稻基因组加倍对籽粒大小调控基因表达的影响

张红宇¹, 崔晓云¹, 侯飞雪¹, 王一伊¹, 吴挺开¹, 刘禹彤¹, 杨定乾¹, 张洪凯¹, 傅瑶¹, 张向阳¹, 李文丽², 吴先军¹

1. 四川农业大学水稻研究所,西南作物基因资源与遗传改良教育部重点实验室,成都 611130；
2. 临沂大学药学院,临沂 276005

收稿日期:2016-06-03 修回日期:2016-10-28 出版日期:2016-12-20 发布日期:2016-11-09
通讯作者: 吴先军,博士,教授,研究方向：水稻分子生物学和遗传育种。E-mail: wuxj@sicau.edu.cn
作者简介:张红宇,博士,副研究员,研究方向：水稻基因组发育调控。E-mail: zhanghysd@163.com 崔晓云,博士研究生,研究方向：拟南芥表观遗传学。E-mail: xiaoyun.cui@u-psud.fr 张红宇和崔晓云为共同第一作者。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(编号：2016YFD0100406)资助

Effects of genome doubling on expression of genes regulating grain size in rice

Hongyu Zhang¹, Xiaoyun Cui¹, Feixue Hou¹, Yiyi Wang¹, Tingkai Wu¹, Yutong Liu¹, Dingqian Yang¹, Hongkai Zhang¹, Yao Fu¹, Xiangyang Zhang¹, Wenli Li², Xianjun Wu¹

1. Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement Ministry of Education, Rice Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
2. School of Pharmacy of Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China

Received:2016-06-03 Revised:2016-10-28 Online:2016-12-20 Published:2016-11-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水稻是最重要的粮食作物之一,提高水稻产量一直是育种的主要目标。水稻四倍体相对于二倍体具有籽粒变大、粒重增加的特点,研究基因组加倍后籽粒大小基因的调控模式,在育种应用方面具有十分重要的意义。本文以二倍体 -四倍体水稻为材料,分析6个控制籽粒大小基因在幼穗发育中的表达差异,同时结合转基因实验,探讨基因剂量增加对基因表达水平和籽粒大小的影响。结果发现：基因组加倍后,水稻的发育进程不变,但株高增加,叶片变宽,籽粒变大,增大后的籽粒在籼稻表现为长、宽均增加显著,而在粳稻中长度比宽度增加更为明显。进一步分析控制籽粒大小基因的表达差异情况,发现这些基因的表达不仅受发育时期的影响,在籼粳亚种间也明显不同,即受遗传背景的影响。在基因组加倍的情况下,正调控基因GS5、HGW的表达普遍高于对应的二倍体;负调控基因GS3在籼稻D9311中趋于下调或沉默,而在粳稻DBl中趋于上调,GW2在D9311中上调,而在DBl中趋于沉默。通过转基因实验分析负调控基因GW2在二倍体Bl中的表达趋势,发现其在基因剂量线性增加的情况下,表达水平高于二倍体和四倍体,导致其籽粒变小。本研究结果有助于了解水稻中控制籽粒大小的基因在二倍体和四倍体中的表达模式,为高产育种提供理论依据。

关键词: 水稻, 基因组加倍, 四倍体, 籽粒大小基因, 负调控

Abstract: Rice is one of the most important staple crops. It has been the major focus in breeding program to improve grain yield. A unique feature of tetraploid rice is the increased grain size and weight compared to diploid. Therefore, investigating the effects of genome doubling on expression of genes regulating grain size is important for yield improvement in rice breeding program. In this study, we analyzed differential expression of six genes regulating grain size in young panicles of various developmental stages between diploid and tetraploid rice. Transgenic approaches were employed to explore the dosage effects on gene expression and grain size. The results showed that genome duplications did not influence the developmental patterns of rice growth, but enhanced plant height, leaf width and grain size. The grain length and width in Indica tetraploid increased significantly, but the grain length showed more obvious change than width in Japonica tetraploid. The expression levels were affected not only by the developmental stages, but also by genetic background. Upon genome doubling, the positive regulation gene GS5 and HGW expression levels were generally higher in tetraploid than the corresponding diploid. Negative regulation gene GS3 in Indica tetraploid tended to be down-regulated or silenced, but increased in Japonica tetraploid. Another negative regulation GW2 was up-regulated in Indica tetraploid and silenced in Japonica tetraploid. The extra copies of GW2 in diploid transgenic lines exerted a gene dosage effect that resulted in the higher expression level than that of wild type diploid and tetraploid, which causes small grain formation in transgenic lines. Our results will help to understand the function of genes regulating the grain size in the diploid and tetraploid, and provide a theoretical basis for yield improvement.

Key words: rice, genomic doubling, tetraploid, genes controlling grain size, negative regulation

张红宇, 崔晓云, 侯飞雪, 王一伊, 吴挺开, 刘禹彤, 杨定乾, 张洪凯, 傅瑶, 张向阳, 李文丽, 吴先军. 水稻基因组加倍对籽粒大小调控基因表达的影响[J]. 遗传, 2016, 38(12): 1102-1111.

Hongyu Zhang, Xiaoyun Cui, Feixue Hou, Yiyi Wang, Tingkai Wu, Yutong Liu, Dingqian Yang, Hongkai Zhang, Yao Fu, Xiangyang Zhang, Wenli Li, Xianjun Wu. Effects of genome doubling on expression of genes regulating grain size in rice[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2016, 38(12): 1102-1111.

参考文献

[1] Wendel FJ. Genome evolution in polyploids. Plant Mol Biol , 2000, 42(1): 225-249.
[2] Masterson J. Stomatal size in fossil plants: Evidence for polyploidy in majority of angiosperms. Science , 1994, 264(5157): 421-424.
[3] LeeHS, Chen ZJ. Protein-coding genes are epigenetically regulated in Arabidopsis polyploids. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , 2001, 98(12): 6753-6758.
[4] Song K, Lu P, Tang K, Osborn TC. Rapid genome change in synthetic polyploids of Brassica and its implications for polyploid evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , 1995, 92(17): 7719-7723.
[5] Kashkush K, Feldman M, Levy AA. Gene loss, silencing and activation in a newly synthesized wheat allotetraploid. Genetics , 2002, 160(4): 1651-1659.
[6] Comai L, Tyagi AP, Winter K, Holmes-Davis R, Reynolds SH, Stevens Y, Byers B. Phenotypic instability and rapid gene silencing in newly formed Arabidopsis allotetraploids. Plant Cell , 2000, 12(9): 1551-1568.
[7] Tian CG, Xiong YQ, Liu TY, Sun SH, Chen LB, Chen MS. Evidence for an ancient whole-genome duplication event in rice and other cereals. Acta Genet Sin , 2005, 32(5): 519-527. 田朝光, 熊煜青, 刘铁燕, 孙守红, 陈良标, 陈明生. 水稻和其他禾本科植物基因组多倍体起源的证据. 遗传学报, 2005, 32(5): 519-527.
[8] Adams KL, Wendel JF. Exploring the genomic mysteries of polyploidy in cotton. Biol J Linn Soc , 2004, 82(4): 573-581.
[9] Pikaard CS. Genomic change and gene silencing in polyploids. Trends Genet , 2001, 17(12): 657-677.
[10] Tan YF, Xing YZ, Li JX, Yu SB, Xu CG, Zhang QF. Genetic bases of appearance quality of rice grains in Shanyou 63, an elite rice hybrid. Theor Appl Genet , 2000, 101(5-6): 823-829.
[11] Xing YZ, Tan YF, Hua JP, Sun XL, Xu CG, Zhang Q. Characterization of the main effects, epistatic effects and their environmental interactions of QTLs on the genetic basis of yield traits in rice. Theor Appl Genet , 2002, 105(2-3): 248-257.
[12] Fan CH, Xing YZ, Mao HL, Lu TT, Han B, Xu CG, Li XH, Zhang QF. GS3, a major QTL for grain length and weight and minor QTL for grain width and thickness in rice, encodes a putative transmembrane protein. Theor Appl Genet , 2006, 112(6): 1164-1171.
[13] Song XJ, Kuroha T, Ayano M, Furuta T, Nagai K, Komeda N, Segami S, Miura K, Ogawa D, Kamura T, Suzuki T, Higashiyama T, Yamasaki M, Mori H, Inukai Y, Wu JZ, Kitano H, Sakakibara H, Jacobsen SE, Ashikari M. Rare allele of a previously unidentified histone H4 acetyltransferase enhances grain weight, yield, and plant biomass in rice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , 2014, 112(1): 76-81.
[14] Si LZ, Chen JY, Huang XH, Gong H, Luo JH, Hou QQ, Zhou TY, Lu TT, Zhu JJ, Shangguan YY, Chen EW, Gong CX, Zhao Q, Jing YF, Zhao Y, Li Y, Cui LL, Fan DL, Lu YQ, Weng QJ, Wang YC, Zhan QL, Liu KY, Wei XH, An K, An G, Han B. OsSPL13 controls grain size in cultivated rice. Nat Genet , 2016, 48(4): 447-456.
[15] Song XJ, Huang W, Shi M, Zhu MZ, Lin HX. A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nat Genet , 2007, 39(5): 623-630.
[16] Shomura A, Izawa T, Ebana K, Ebitani T, Kanegae H, Konishi S, Yano M. Deletion in a gene associated with grain size increased yields during rice domestication. Nat Genet , 2008, 40(8): 1023-1028.
[17] Weng JF, Gu SH, Wan XY, Gao H, Guo T, Su N, Lei CL, Zhang X, Cheng ZJ, Guo XP, Wang JL, Jiang L, Zhai HQ, Wan JM. Isolation and initial characterization of GW5 , a major QTL associated with rice grain width and weight. Cell Res , 2008, 18(12): 1199-1209.
[18] Li YB, Fan CC, Xing YZ, Jiang YH, Luo LJ, Sun L, Shao D, Xu CJ, Li XH, Xiao JH, He YQ, Zhang QF. Natural variation in GS5 plays an important role in regulating grain size and yield in rice. Nat Genet , 2011, 43(12): 1266-1269.
[19] Xu CJ, Liu Y, Li YB, Xu XD, Xu CG, Li XH, Xiao JH, Zhang QF. Differential expression of GS5 regulates grain size in rice. J Exp Bot , 2015, 66(9): 2611-2623.
[20] Wang SK, Wu K, Yuan QB, Liu XY, Liu ZB, Lin XY, Zeng RZ, Zhu HT, Dong GJ, Qian Q, Zhang GQ, Fu XD. Control of grain size, shape and quality by OsSPLl6 in rice. Nat Genet , 2012, 44(8): 950-954.
[21] Li J, Chu HW, Zhang YH, Mou TM, Wu CY, Zhang QF, Xu J. The rice HGW gene encodes a ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domain protein that regulates heading date and grain weight. PLoS One , 2012, 7(3): e34231.
[22] Wang ET, Wang JJ, Zhu XD, Hao W, Wang LY, Li Q, Zhang LX, He W, Lu BR, Lin HX, Ma H, Zhang GQ, He ZH. Control of rice grain-filling and yield by a gene with a potential signature of domestication. Nat Genet , 2008, 40(11): 1370-1374.
[23] Ishimaru K, Hirotsu N, Madoka Y, Murakami N, Hara N, Onodera H, Kashiwagi T, Ujiie K, Shimizu B, Onishi A, Miyagawa H, Katoh E. Loss of function of the IAA-glucose hydrolase gene TGW6 enhances rice grain weight and increases yield. Nat Genet , 2013, 45(6): 707-711.
[24] Panaud O, Chen X, McCouch SR. Development of microsatellite markers and characterization of simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Mol Gen Genet , 1996, 252(5): 597-607.
[25] Nishimura A, Aichi I, Matsuoka M. A protocol for Agrobacterium -mediated transformation in rice. Nat Protoc , 2006, 1(6): 2796-2802.
[26] Ikeda K, Sunohara H, Nagato Y. Developmental course of inflorescence and spikelet in rice. Breeding Sci , 2004, 54(2): 147-156.
[27] Su Y, Li R, Chen JM. Expression of gfp gene in transgenic gfp barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. GAB , 2015, 34(9): 1934-1938. 苏琰, 李融, 陈建民. 转gfp基因大麦中 gfp 基因表达的半定量RT-PCR方法分析. 基因组学与应用生物学, 2015, 34(9): 1934-1938.
[28] Wei RC, Yu QH, Ma XJ, Tan XM, Li XY, Shi LJ, Bai LH. Research progress of plant polypoid. Seed , 2013, 32(7): 50-53. 韦荣昌, 吴庆华, 马小军, 谭小明, 李小勇, 施力军, 白隆华. 植物多倍体的研究进展. 种子, 2013, 32(7): 50-53.
[29] Gu YL, Dai XM, Li JX. Rice quality analysis of different ploidy rice. J Zhengzhou Univ (Nat Sci Ed) , 2015, 47(4): 81-85. 谷幽兰, 代西梅, 李建欣. 不同倍性水稻品种米质分析研究. 郑州大学学报(理学版), 2015, 47(4): 81-85.
[30] Adams KL, Cronn R, Percifield R, Wendel JF. Genes duplicated by polyploidy show unequal contributions to the transcriptome and organ-specific reciprocal silencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , 2003, 100(8): 4649-4654.
[31] Zhao Q, Zou J, Meng JL, Mei SY, Wang JB. Tracing the transcriptomic changes in synthetic trigenomic allohexaploids of Brassica using an RNA-Seq approach. PLoS One , 2013, 8(7): e68883.
[32] Guo M, Birchler JA. Trans-acting dosage effects on the expression of model gene systems in maize aneuploids. Science, 1994, 266(5193): 1999-2002.
[33] Chen ZJ. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms for gene expression and phenotypic variation in plant polyploids. Annu Rev Plant Biol , 2007, 58: 377-406.
[34] Madlung A, Tyagi AP, Watson B, Jiang H, Kagochi T, Doerge RW, Martienssen R, Comai L. Genomic changes in synthetic Arabidopsis polyploids. Plant J , 2005, 41(2): 221-230.

编辑推荐

Metrics

www.chinagene.cn
备案号：京ICP备09063187号-4
总访问:,今日访问:,当前在线:

水稻基因组加倍对籽粒大小调控基因表达的影响

Effects of genome doubling on expression of genes regulating grain size in rice

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	张桂权. 基于SSSL文库的水稻设计育种平台[J]. 遗传, 2019, 41(8): 754-760.
[2]	刘次桃, 王威, 毛毕刚, 储成才. 水稻耐低温逆境研究：分子生理机制及育种展望[J]. 遗传, 2018, 40(3): 171-185.
[3]	杨德卫, 郑向华, 程朝平, 叶宁, 黄凤凰, 叶新福. 基于CSSLs群体定位和图位克隆水稻长芒基因GAD1-2[J]. 遗传, 2018, 40(12): 1101-1111.
[4]	辛高伟, 胡熙璕, 王克剑, 王兴春. Cas9蛋白变体VQR高效识别水稻NGAC前间区序列邻近基序[J]. 遗传, 2018, 40(12): 1112-1119.
[5]	吴比, 胡伟, 邢永忠. 中国水稻遗传育种历程与展望[J]. 遗传, 2018, 40(10): 841-857.
[6]	李佳,刘运华,张余,陈晨,余霞,余舜武. 干旱对水稻生物钟基因和干旱胁迫响应基因每日节律性变化的影响[J]. 遗传, 2017, 39(9): 837-846.
[7]	韩晓斌, 徐冉, 段朋根, 于海跃, 罗越华, 李云海. 水稻斑点叶突变体spl101和spl102的筛选及候选基因鉴定[J]. 遗传, 2017, 39(4): 346-353.
[8]	唐丽, 李曜魁, 张丹, 毛毕刚, 吕启明, 胡远艺, 韶也, 彭彦, 赵炳然, 夏石头. 基于基因组编辑技术的水稻靶向突变特征及遗传分析[J]. 遗传, 2016, 38(8): 746-755.
[9]	武迪, 黄林周, 高谨, 王永红. 植物重力反应的分子调控机制[J]. 遗传, 2016, 38(7): 589-602.
[10]	孔德艳, 陈守俊, 周立国, 高欢, 罗利军, 刘灶长. 水稻开花光周期调控相关基因研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2016, 38(6): 532-542.
[11]	李莉云,史佳楠,杨烁,孙财强,刘国振. 基于转录特征的水稻WRKY转录因子功能注释[J]. 遗传, 2016, 38(2): 126-136.
[12]	宋海冰, 汪斌, 陈壬杰, 郑小雅, 于世波, 兰涛. 水稻“光身”突变体glr3的遗传分析及基因定位[J]. 遗传, 2016, 38(11): 1012-1019.
[13]	胡运高, 郭连安, 杨国涛, 钦鹏, 范存留, 彭友林, 严维, 何航, 李仕贵. 直立密穗基因DEP2-1388的遗传分析及在杂交稻中的育种利用[J]. 遗传, 2016, 38(1): 72-81.
[14]	储黄伟, 牛付安, 程灿, 周继华, 王新其, 罗小金, 袁勤, 曹黎明. 杂交粳稻花优14及其亲本孕穗期剑叶的基因表达谱芯片分析[J]. 遗传, 2015, 37(9): 932-938.
[15]	李雪倩, 徐冉, 段朋根, 伍应保, 罗越华, 李云海. 水稻窄叶突变体zy17的遗传分析和候选基因鉴定[J]. 遗传, 2015, 37(6): 582-589.