遗传 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 1086-1094.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.15-177

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

传染性肿瘤研究进展

尹婷婷1,2,王璐3,王国栋1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院昆明动物研究所, 遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室, 昆明 650223;
    2. 中国科学院大学,昆明生命科学学院,昆明 650204;
    3. 云南大学,云南省生物资源保护与利用重点实验室,云南省高校动物遗传多样性与进化重点实验室,昆明 650091
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-23 修回日期:2015-07-08 出版日期:2015-11-20 发布日期:2015-08-11
  • 通讯作者: 王国栋,副研究员,研究方向:遗传与进化。E-mail:wanggd@mail.kiz.ac.cn E-mail:jjzhihuzheye@163.com
  • 作者简介:尹婷婷,博士研究生,专业方向:遗传与进化。E-mail:jjzhihuzheye@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中科院青年创新促进会(编号:022006)和云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(编号:31)资助

Recent advances in transmissible tumors

Tingting Yin1,2,Lu Wang3,Guodong Wang1   

  1. 1. Molecular Evolution and Genome Diversity Lab, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China;
    2. Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650204, China;
    3. Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources& Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Diversity and Evolution of High Education in Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091,China
  • Received:2015-04-23 Revised:2015-07-08 Online:2015-11-20 Published:2015-08-11

摘要: 传染性肿瘤是一类以活细胞形式在个体间异体传播的肿瘤。至今已发现并确定4种,即犬类生殖器传染性肿瘤(Canine transmissible venereal tumor, CTVT)、袋獾面部肿瘤(Tasmanian devil facial tumor disease, DFTD)、海螂血液传染性肿瘤(Soft-shell clams leukemia, SSCL)及仓鼠传染性肿瘤(Hamsters reticulum cell sarcoma, HRCS)。过去几十年,在细胞学、组织学、遗传学等方面的研究证明传染性肿瘤是以活细胞进行传播,CTVT是已知的最古老的哺乳动物体细胞系,DFTD来源于施旺细胞,两者均通过下调MHC基因表达逃避宿主免疫识别,而在SSCL中普遍存在一个转座子多拷贝数变异。近几年来,DFTD和CTVT基因组测序工作相继完成,有助于从全基因组水平研究传染性肿瘤的发生、传染和进化机制。本文总结了传染性肿瘤的研究进展,并展望了未来10年内传染性肿瘤的研究热点。

关键词: 传染性肿瘤, 犬类生殖器传染性肿瘤, 袋獾面部肿瘤, 海螂血液传染性肿瘤, 发生, 传染, 进化

Abstract: Transmissible tumors are a class of tumor that can be transmitted between individuals through living cells. So far, four types of transmissible tumors including canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT),Tasmanian devil facial tumor disease (DFTD), soft-shell clams leukemia (SSCL), and hamsters reticulum cell sarcoma (HRCS)have been discovered and identified. In the last decades, these transmissible tumors have been proved to be transmitted through living cells by cytological, histological and genetic studies. CTVT, the oldest mammalian somatic cell line, and DFTD originated from Schwann cell have been reported to avoid immunological recognition by down-regulating MHC expression, while a high copy number of Steamer retrotransposon is commonly exist in SSCL. In recent years, the whole-genome sequencing of CTVT and DFTD have been completed which facilitates studies on the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, transmission and evolution of transmissible tumors at the whole-genome level. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in transmissible tumors and discuss the research focus in next decade.

Key words: transmissible tumor, CTVT, DFTD, SSCL, tumorigenesis, transmission, evolution