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水稻中胚轴伸长研究:种质挖掘、遗传机理与育种展望

郭海滨1,刘炜哲1,闭耀涛1,王海瞳1,缪文沁1,时睿浛2,刘向东3   

  1. 1.华南农业大学亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,广东省植物分子育种重点实验室,广州 510642

    2.华南农业大学基础实验与实践训练中心,广州 510642

    3.华南农业大学农学院,广东省岭南水稻种质资源基地库,广州 510642
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-29 修回日期:2025-01-10 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-03-20
  • 基金资助:
    国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(编号:202310564026)和广东省岭南水稻种质资源基地库项目(编号:2024B1212060009)资助

Study on rice mesocotyl elongation: germplasm mining, genetic mechanism and breeding prospect

Haibin Guo1,2, Weizhe Liu1,3, Yaotao Bi1,3, Haitong Wang1,3, Wenqin Miao1,3, Ruihan Shi1,3, Xinagdong Liu1,3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

    2. Center for Basic Experiments and Practical Training, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

    3. College of Agriculture, Guangdong Base Bank for Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
  • Received:2024-09-29 Revised:2025-01-10 Published:2025-03-20 Online:2025-03-20
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (No. 202310564026) and the Base Bank of Lingnan Rice Germplasm Resources Project (No. 2024B1212060009)

摘要: 水稻中胚轴伸长是影响旱直播水稻出苗和早期幼苗活力的重要因素,对直播研究具有重要的理论和实际意义。中胚轴伸长是一个复杂的过程,涉及遗传因素、植物激素和其他信号分子,以及环境因素等的调控。这些因素相互作用,共同决定了中胚轴的伸长。本文系统总结了近年来国内外已发掘的长中胚轴水稻种质资源、已定位和克隆的中胚轴伸长基因/QTL,以及水稻中胚轴生长的遗传机理及影响因素等的最新研究进展,最后,还对水稻长中胚轴种质的应用及其面对的挑战进行了分析和展望,以期为水稻遗传育种和生产应用提供依据。

关键词: 水稻, 中胚轴伸长, 长中胚轴种质, 遗传机制, 育种应用

Abstract: The elongation of the rice mesocotyl is a crucial determinant influencing seedling emergence and early vigor in dry-direct seeding rice, offering significant theoretical and practical implications for direct-seeding research. Mesocotyl elongation is a complex process that involves the regulation of genetic factors, plant hormones, signaling molecules, and environmental influences. These factors interact and jointly determine the elongation of the mesoderm. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the research of long mesocotyl rice germplasm resources mining, the mapped and cloned mesocotyl elongation genes/QTLs, and the genetic mechanism and influencing factors of rice mesocotyl growth. Finally, the application of long-mesocotyl rice germplasm and its associated issues are examined and predicted to establish a foundation for rice genetic breeding and production applications.

Key words: Oryza sativa, mesocotyl elongation, long mesocotyl germplasm, genetic mechanism, breeding applications