遗传 ›› 2016, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (11): 971-978.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.16-056

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

KRAB型锌指蛋白的进化及在物种演化中的功能

王进龙, 王建, 田春艳   

  1. 军事医学科学院放射与辐射医学研究所,国家蛋白质科学中心(北京),国家蛋白质组学重点实验室,蛋白质药家工程研究中心,北京 102206
  • 收稿日期:2016-06-07 出版日期:2016-11-20 发布日期:2016-09-09
  • 通讯作者: 王建,博士,副研究员,研究方向:蛋白质相互作用、炎症与免疫调控。E-mail: wangj@bmi.ac.cn;田春艳,博士,副研究员,研究方向:基因的转录调控。E-mail: tiancy@bmi.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:王进龙,硕士研究生,专业方向:生物化学与分子生物学。E-mail: wang993476@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(编号:31270799),北京市自然科学基金项目(编号:5142019)和国家国际科技合作专项项目(编号:2014DFB30020)资助

Evolution of KRAB-containing zinc finger proteins and their roles in species evolution

Jinlong Wang, Jian Wang, Chunyan Tian   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Proteomics Science (Beijing), China National Engineering Research Center for Protein Drugs, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
  • Received:2016-06-07 Online:2016-11-20 Published:2016-09-09
  • Supported by:
    [Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 31270799), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No. 5142019) and International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China(No. 2014DFB30020)]

摘要: C2H2型锌指蛋白家族是目前发现的哺乳动物中最大的转录/转录调控因子家族,由一小群古老的含有真核锌指结构的转录因子经过多次基因复制和功能分化演化而来。KRAB型锌指蛋白(KRAB-containing zinc finger proteins, KRAB-ZFPs)作为C2H2型锌指蛋白家族中最大的亚家族,最早出现在四足脊椎动物,并随物种的进化数量快速增长,在人类中占据C2H2型锌指蛋白的60%左右。在物种演化中,进化压力主要改变KRAB-ZFPs的DNA结合能力,而KRAB-ZFPs介导的转录抑制能力则稳定存在。同时,多种KRAB-ZFPs能够与KRAB相关蛋白1(KRAB-associated protein 1, KAP1)协同作用沉默哺乳动物中反转录元件的活性,并与之协同进化,严格限制反转录原件的跳跃能力。本文综述了KRAB-ZFPs的数量倍增、锌指结构的灵活多变、KRAB-ZFPs/KAP1的转录抑制能力和反转录元件的跳跃性在促进哺乳动物调控网络的差异、基因组稳定性的变化和物种进化中的作用,旨在进一步揭示KRAB-ZFPs在推动物种稳定演化中的特点和功能。

关键词: KRAB, 锌指, KRAB-ZFPs, 进化, KAP1, 转座子

Abstract: The C2H2 zinc finger protein family, one of the largest families of transcription factor/transcriptional regulator in mammal, arose from a small ancestral group of eukaryotic zinc finger transcription factors through many repeated gene duplications accompanied by functional divergence. As the biggest subfamily of C2H2 zinc finger protein family, Kruppel-associated box-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs) appeared at the period oftetrapod, expand rapidly along with species evolution, and take about 60% of the total C2H2 zinc finger proteins in human. During species evolution, the DNA binding ability of KRAB-ZFPs is changed while the KRAB-ZFPs-mediate transcriptional repression ability maintains stable under the evolution pressure. Moreover, multiple KRAB-ZFPs function synergistically with KAP1 on transcriptional silencing of retroelements, and the coevolution between KRAB-ZFPs and target retrotransposons restrict the jumping ability of the retroelements. In this review, we summarize the roles of KRAB-ZFPs duplication, the flexibility of zinc finger structure, transcriptional repression of KRAB-ZFPs/KAP1 and retroelement “jump” in promoting the divergence in regulatory network, stable genome change and species evolution, in order to reveal the characters and functions of KRAB-ZFPs in driving species evolution stably.

Key words: KRAB, zinc finger, KRAB-ZFPs, evolution, KAP1, transposons