LINE-1编码的逆转录酶在肿瘤形成过程中的作用

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.17-047

遗传 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 368-376.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.17-047

LINE-1编码的逆转录酶在肿瘤形成过程中的作用

叶仲杰(),刘启鹏,岑山(),李晓宇()

中国医学科学院&北京协和医学院,医药生物技术研究所免疫生物学室,北京 100050

收稿日期:2017-02-16 修回日期:2017-04-01 出版日期:2017-04-25 发布日期:2017-12-25
作者简介:叶仲杰,硕士研究生,专业方向：宿主因子对转座子的调控机制的研究。E-mail: yezhongjie0627@163.com|岑山,博士,研究员,研究方向：病毒学。E-mail: shancen@hotmail.com|李晓宇,博士,副研究员,研究方向：病毒学。E-mail: xiaoyulik@hotmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31270210)

The function of LINE-1-encoded reverse transcriptase in tumorigenesis

Ye Zhongjie(),Liu Qipeng,Cen Shan(),Li Xiaoyu()

Department of Immunology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China

Received:2017-02-16 Revised:2017-04-01 Online:2017-04-25 Published:2017-12-25
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31270210)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

逆转录转座子LINE-1是人类基因组中最大的转座子家族,约有500 000个拷贝,占人类基因组总量的17%,同时它也是人类基因组中唯一具有自主转座能力的转座子。LINE-1编码的逆转录酶是LINE-1转座所必需,近年来的研究表明该酶在包括肿瘤形成等重要的病理或生理过程中都发挥着重要的作用。抑制该酶的活性可阻滞肿瘤发展的进程、恢复肿瘤细胞的分化状态以及改变肿瘤细胞的转录组谱。本文根据近年来对LINE-1编码的逆转录酶的研究进展,介绍该酶通过对非编码RNA转录组谱的调控在肿瘤形成过程中产生的作用,以期为肿瘤的早期诊断以及抗肿瘤药物的开发提供一些线索。

关键词: 长散布元件-1, 逆转录酶, 逆转录转座, 非编码RNA, 转录组谱, 肿瘤

Abstract:

The retrotransposon LINE-1 is the largest transposon family of humans with an estimated 500 000 copies representing 17% of the human genome. Meanwhile, it is also the sole autonomous transposon in humans. The reverse transcriptase encoded by LINE-1 is the key component required for its transposition process. Recent evidence suggests that the LINE-1-encoded reverse transcriptase is involved in many important physiological and pathological processes including tumorigenesis. The inhibition of LINE-1-encoded reverse transcriptase inhibits tumor progression, restores cancer cell differentiation and reprograms global transcription profiles. In this review, we summarize newly emerged evidence, and conclude that the LINE-1-encoded reverse transcriptase influences tumorigenesis by shaping the non-coding RNA transcriptomic profile. We hope that this review may shed light on clinical diagnosis and drug development against cancer.

Key words: LINE-1, reverse transcriptase, retrotransposition, non-coding RNA, transcriptomic profile, tumor

叶仲杰,刘启鹏,岑山,李晓宇. LINE-1编码的逆转录酶在肿瘤形成过程中的作用[J]. 遗传, 2017, 39(5): 368-376.

Ye Zhongjie,Liu Qipeng,Cen Shan,Li Xiaoyu. The function of LINE-1-encoded reverse transcriptase in tumorigenesis[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2017, 39(5): 368-376.

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