遗传 ›› 2012, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 1399-1408.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2012.01399

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

微生物的遗传多样性

李娟, 张克勤   

  1. 云南大学生物资源保护与利用重点实验室, 省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地, 昆明 650091
  • 收稿日期:2012-08-07 修回日期:2012-10-22 出版日期:2012-11-20 发布日期:2012-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 张克勤 E-mail:kqzhang111@yahoo.com.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(编号:31100894), 云南省应用基础研究计划青年项目(2012FD006), 中国烟草总公司资助项目(编号:110201002023)和中国烟草总公司云南省分公司科技计划合作专项(编号:2010YN17)资助

Genetic diversity of microorganisms

LI Juan, ZHANG Ke-Qin   

  1. Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Educa-tion, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
  • Received:2012-08-07 Revised:2012-10-22 Online:2012-11-20 Published:2012-11-25

摘要: 微生物是生物圈中不可或缺的重要组成部分, 维系着自然界生态平衡。随着分子生物学技术的发展, 微生物遗传多样性的研究从形态学水平、蛋白水平进入到了DNA水平。而高通量测序技术和宏基因组技术的发展, 不仅为我们理解微生物的遗传多样性提供了更加丰富的信息和有力的证据, 也对于合理利用生物资源、保护生态平衡等方面具有重要意义。文章就微生物遗传多样性研究的相关内容, 如物种的分离鉴定、微生物群体遗传结构、物种形成以及系统发育和进化等方面的研究进展进行综述。

关键词: 系统发育与进化, 遗传多样性, 分子标记, 群体遗传, 物种形成

Abstract: Microorganisms are important components of the biosphere in maintaining the ecological balance. With the development of molecular biology techniques, researches on the microbial genetic diversity have been developed from morphological and/or protein levels to molecular level. The development of high-throughout sequencing and metagenomics technology not only provide more abundant information and powerful evidence for understanding microbial diversities, but also have great significance for rational utilization and protection of biological resources. The advances in research on genetic diversity of microorganisms, such as separation and identification, population genetic structure, speciation, phylogeny, and evolution of microorganisms, were discussed in this paper.

Key words: Molecular marker, Population genetic structure, Speciation, Phylogeny and evolution, Genetic diversity