果蝇唾腺多线染色体研究进展及其在遗传学教学中的应用

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.14-364

遗传 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 605-612.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.14-364

果蝇唾腺多线染色体研究进展及其在遗传学教学中的应用

李刚², 陈凡国^{1, 3}

1. 山东大学生命科学学院遗传教研组,济南 250100;
2. 潍坊科技学院,寿光 262700;
3. 山东大学植物细胞工程与种质创新教育部重点实验室,济南 250100

收稿日期:2014-10-24 修回日期:2014-11-16 出版日期:2015-06-20 发布日期:2014-12-01
通讯作者: 陈凡国,教授,博士生导师,研究方向：植物细胞与基因工程和遗传学教学。E-mail: fanguo2002@sdu.edu.cn
作者简介:李刚,硕士,副教授,研究方向：植物遗传学。E-mail: wfkjxylg@163.com
基金资助:
山东大学青年教师教学研究项目(编号：2010-94-24)

Advances in understanding Drosophila salivary gland polytene chromosome and its applications in genetics teaching

Gang Li², Fanguo Chen^{1, 3}

1. Genetic Teaching and Research Group, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;
2. Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, China;
3. The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

Received:2014-10-24 Revised:2014-11-16 Online:2015-06-20 Published:2014-12-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 果蝇唾腺多线染色体是细胞遗传学的3大经典染色体之一,从1934年至今因其具有显著的特点已经作为一个优异的模型用在不同的遗传学研究中。果蝇唾腺多线染色体最大的贡献就是为研究间期染色体结构和基因的表达调控提供了一个非凡的视角;另外,果蝇唾腺多线染色体还可以用于解释一些特殊的遗传现象,例如剂量补偿效应和花斑位置效应。文章一方面就以上进展作一简要总结,另一方面尝试将这一典型案例系统地用于遗传学教学中,引导和激发学生学习遗传学的兴趣。

关键词: 遗传学, 细胞遗传学, 果蝇唾腺多线染色体, 教学实践

Abstract: Drosophila salivary gland polytene chromosome, one of the three classical chromosomes with remarkable characteristics, has been used as an outstanding model for a variety of genetic studies since 1934. The greatest contribution of this model to genetics has been providing extraordinary angle of view in studying interphase chromosome structure and gene expression regulation. Additionally, it has been extensively used to understand some special genetic phenomena, such as dosage compensation and position-effect variegation. In this paper, we briefly review the advances in the study of Drosophila salivary gland chromosome, and try to systematically and effectively introduce this model system into genetics teaching practice in order to steer and inspire students' interest in genetics.

Key words: genetics, cytogenetics, Drosophila salivary gland polytene chromosome, teaching practice

李刚, 陈凡国. 果蝇唾腺多线染色体研究进展及其在遗传学教学中的应用[J]. 遗传, 2015, 37(6): 605-612.

Gang Li, Fanguo Chen. Advances in understanding Drosophila salivary gland polytene chromosome and its applications in genetics teaching[J]. HEREDITAS(Beijing), 2015, 37(6): 605-612.

参考文献

[1] 王凯. 生命科学研究中常用模式生物. 生命科学研究, 2010, 14(2): 156-167.
[2] 陈凡国, 侯丙凯. 巴氏小体案例在遗传学教学中的应用. 遗传, 2012, 34(4): 503-508.
[3] 肖建富, 石春海. 激发学生对遗传学实验学习兴趣的教学方法探索. 遗传, 2014, 36(2): 181-187.
[4] 杨大祥, 程劼, 许也, 张一语. 果蝇( Drosophila melanogaster )唾腺染色体的制备及染色体识别. 中国农业大学学报, 2014, 19(1): 143-149.
[5] 饶毅. 摩尔根与遗传学: 研究与教育. 中国科学 (生命科学), 2013, 43(5): 440-446.
[6] Bridges CB. Salivary chromosome maps: with a key to the banding of the chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster . J Hered , 1935, 26(2): 60-64.
[7] Painter TS. Salivary chromosomes and the attack on the gene. J Hered , 1934, 25(12): 465-476.
[8] Riddle NC, Shaffer CD, Elgin SCR. A lot about a little dot-lessons learned from Drosophila melanogaster chromosome 4. Biochem Cell Biol , 2009, 87(1): 229-241.
[9] Zhimulev IF, Zykova TY, Goncharov FP, Khoroshko VA, Demakova OV, Semeshin VF, Pokholkova GV, Boldyreva LV, Demidova DS, Babenko VN, Demakov SA, Belyaeva ES. Genetic organization of interphase chromosome bands and interbands in Drosophila melanogaster . PLoS One , 2014, 9(7): e101631.
[10] Paul J. General theory of chromosome structure and gene activation in eukaryotes. Nature , 1972, 238(5365): 444-446.
[11] Kings RC. Drosophila melanogaster : an introduction. In: Handbook of Genetics. Vol. 3. New York: Plenum Press, 1975: 625-652.
[12] Lefevre G Jr. A photographic representation and interpretation of the polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster salivary glands. In: The Genetics and Biology of Drosophila. London: Academic Press, 1976: 31-66.
[13] Koryakov DE, Zhimulev IF. DNA replication in nurse cell polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster otu mutants. Chromosoma , 2014, doi:10.1007/s00412-014- 0487-4.
[14] Belyaeva ES, Goncharov FP, Demakova OV, Kolesnikova TD, Boldyreva LV, Semeshin VF, Zhimulev IF. Late replication domains in polytene and non- polytene cells of Drosophila melanogaster . PLoS One , 2012, 7(1): e30035.
[15] Lis JT. Imaging Drosophila gene activation and polymerase pausing in vivo . Nature , 2007, 450(7167): 198-202.
[16] Hill RJ, Billas IML, Bonneton F, Graham LD, Lawrence MC. Ecdysone receptors: from the Ashburner Model to structural biology. Annu Rev Entomol , 2013, 58: 251-271.
[17] Thummel CS. Ecdysone-regulated puff genes 2000. Insect Biochem Mol Biol , 2002, 32(2): 113-120.
[18] Sher N, Bell GW, Li S, Nordman J, Eng T, Eaton ML, Macalpine DM, Orr-Weaver TL. Developmental control of gene copy number by repression of replication initiation and fork progression. Genome Res , 2012, 22(1): 64-75.
[19] Gilbert LI. Drosophila is an inclusive model for human diseases, growth and development. Mol Cell Endocrinol , 2008, 293(1-2): 25-31.
[20] Lim CK, Kelley RL. Autoregulation of the Drosophila noncoding roX1 RNA gene. PLoS Genet , 2012, 8(3): e1002564.
[21] Powell JR. Progress and prospects in evolutionary biology: the Drosophila model. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
[22] Sorsa V. Polytene chromosomes in genetic research. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1988.
[23] Sidén-Kiamos I, Saunders RDC, Spanos L, Majerus T, Treanear J, Savakis C, Louis C, Glover DM, Ashburner M, Kafatos FC. Towards a physical map of the Drosophila melanogaster genome: mapping of cosmid clones within defined genomic divisions. Nucleic Acids Res , 1990, 18(21): 6261-6270.
[24] Reed BH, Orr-Weave TL. The Drosophila gene morula inhibits mitotic functions in the endo cell cycle and the
mitotic cell cycle. Development , 1997, 124(18): 3543-3553
[25] Cook PR. The transcriptional basis of chromosome pairing. J Cell Sci , 1997, 110(9): 1033-1040.
[26] Smith HF, Roberts MA, Nguyen HQ, Peterson M, Hartl TA, Wang XJ, Klebba JE, Rogers GC, Bosco G. Maintenance of interphase chromosome compaction and homolog pairing in Drosophila is regulated by the condensin cap-h2 and its partner Mrg15. Genetics , 2013, 195(1): 127-

编辑推荐

Metrics

www.chinagene.cn
备案号：京ICP备09063187号-4
总访问:,今日访问:,当前在线:

果蝇唾腺多线染色体研究进展及其在遗传学教学中的应用

Advances in understanding Drosophila salivary gland polytene chromosome and its applications in genetics teaching

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	马捷, 黄露杰, 张巧霞, 朱艳, 钱露. 以A2型短指(趾)症为案例的医学遗传学PBL教学设计[J]. 遗传, 2023, 45(2): 176-183.
[2]	谢甜, 王梅, 高瑞钰, 苗艳尼, 张燚铭, 蒋婧. 光控诱导重组系统的开发与应用[J]. 遗传, 2022, 44(8): 655-671.
[3]	王飞, 王萌, 张兴华, 宇克莉, 郑连斌, 杨亚军. 中国西南地区3个隔离人群遗传亚结构分析[J]. 遗传, 2022, 44(5): 424-431.
[4]	孔永强, 刘金凯, 顾佳琪, 徐景怡, 郑雨诺, 魏以梁, 伍少远. 南-北方汉族人、韩国人和日本人遗传划分机器学习模型优化方案[J]. 遗传, 2022, 44(11): 1028-1043.
[5]	郭晓媛, 孙昌春, 薛思瑶, 赵慧, 江丽, 李彩霞. 49AISNP：东亚北方三个族群遗传来源推断[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(9): 880-889.
[6]	王海燕, 龚志云, 蒋甲福, 周宝良, 娄群峰, 曹清河, 席梦利, 陈佩度, 顾铭洪, 张天真, 陈发棣, 陈劲枫, 李宗芸, 王秀娥. 江苏省植物细胞遗传学研究回顾与展望[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(5): 397-424.
[7]	文子龙, 赵毅强. 群体遗传学下动物驯化研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(3): 226-239.
[8]	张向前, 李楠, 解新明. 表观遗传学综合性实验设计与探讨[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(12): 1179-1187.
[9]	李茜, 王浩宇, 曹悦岩, 朱强, 舒潘寅, 侯婷芸, 王雨婷, 张霁. 微单倍型遗传标记的法医基因组学研究[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(10): 962-971.
[10]	刘志勇, 乌日嘎, 李燃, 王蔷薇, 孙宏钰. 法医遗传学研究和鉴定中的伦理问题[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(10): 994-1002.
[11]	孙小媛, 王一帆, 王韫慧, 蔺佳雨, 李金红, 丘远涛, 方小龙, 孔凡江, 李美娜. 大豆细胞核雄性不育基因研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(1): 52-65.
[12]	赵娜, 亓宝, 董芊里, 王晓丽. 普通小麦相关研究进展在遗传学理论教学中的应用[J]. 遗传, 2020, 42(9): 916-925.
[13]	王涛, 梁亮, 郑敏化. 形成性评价与教学反馈在医学遗传学PBL教学中的应用[J]. 遗传, 2020, 42(8): 810-816.
[14]	胡颖楚, 胡豪畅, 林少沂, 陈晓敏. DNA羟甲基化调控动脉粥样硬化的研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2020, 42(7): 632-640.
[15]	王小娟, 钱恩芳, 李悦, 宋正阳, 赵慧, 谢何鑫, 李彩霞, 黄江, 江丽. 中国西南地区藏族人群遗传亚结构研究[J]. 遗传, 2020, 42(6): 565-576.